Table 3.

Metabolites in three major perturbed pathways identified by LC-HRMS-based targeted and untargeted metabolomics

Metabolite	RT	m/z	Mode	Pathway	Targeted/untargeted	HMDB	PubChem	Formula	FC (Aβ/Sham)	P value
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4)	10.28	337.2373	[M + H] +	Arachidonic acid metabolism; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Targeted	HMDB0001085	5,283,128	C20H32O4	2.53	0.0000
Arachidonyl carnitine	7.96	448.3424	[M + H] +	Arachidonic acid metabolism; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted	HMDB0006455	53,477,832	C27H45NO4	3.39	0.0087
14,15-DiHETrE (14,15-DHET)	8.47	337.2383	[M − H] −	Arachidonic acid metabolism; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Targeted	HMDB0002265	5,283,147	C20H34O4	0.46	0.0199
Arachidonic acid	8.02	327.2318	[M + Na] +	Arachidonic acid metabolism; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted	HMDB0001043	444,899	C20H32O2	0.42	0.0343
5(S)-HETE	7.85	321.2425	[M + H] +	Arachidonic acid metabolism; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Targeted	HMDB0011134	5,280,733	C20H32O3	0.45	0.0470
5(S)-HPETE	11.24	337.2350	[M + H] +	Arachidonic acid metabolism; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Targeted	HMDB0004244	5,280,893	C20H32O4	3.04	0.0464
Prostaglandin B2	7.16	333.2067	[M − H] −	Arachidonic acid metabolism; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Targeted	HMDB0004236	5,280,881	C20H30O4	0.44	0.0054
Ortho-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid	5.34	151.0390	[M − H] −	Phenylalanine metabolism	Untargeted	HMDB0000669	11,970	C8H8O3	2.45	0.0021
L-Phenylalanine	4.17	166.0863	[M + H] +	Phenylalanine metabolism; phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis	Untargeted	HMDB0000159	6140	C9H11NO2	2.17	0.0224
Phenylpyruvic acid	6.15	163.0391	[M − H] −	Phenylalanine metabolism; phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis	Untargeted	HMDB0000205	997	C9H8O3	2.54	0.0273
Phenyllactic acid	6.39	165.1274	[M − H] −	Phenylalanine metabolism	Untargeted	HMDB0000779	3848	C9H10O3	3.30	0.0089
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)	9.30	329.2473	[M + H] +	DHA metabolites; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted	HMDB0002183	445,580	C22H32O2	0.50	0.0211
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)	10.56	303.2318	[M + H] +	EPA metabolites; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted	HMDB0001999	446,284	C20H30O2	0.40	0.0295
8-Hydroxy-9,10-epoxystearic Acid	10.53	337.2360	[M + Na] +	Linoleic acid metabolism Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted		53,851,542	C18H34O4	2.45	0.0000
13-OxoODE	8.32	295.2269	[M + H] +	Linoleic acid metabolism Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted		25,791,066	C18H30O3	4.24	0.0055
9(S)-HPODE	8.96	311.2218	[M − H] −	Linoleic acid metabolism Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted	HMDB0006940	9,548,877	C18H32O4	0.47	0.0400
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA)	9.367	307.26318	[M + H] +	Linoleic acid metabolism Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Targeted	HMDB0002925	5,280,581	C20H34O2	0.22	0.0175
FA 18:2 + 4O	10.40	343.2114	[M − H] −	Linoleic acid metabolism Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted		126,457,312	C18H32O6	2.33	0.0044
FA 18:3 + 1O	7.34	295.2266	[M + H] +	Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted	HMDB0247609	5,283,011	C18H30O3	0.34	0.0483
FA 18:3 + 2O	6.85	309.2068	[M − H] −	Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	Untargeted		5,283,017	C18H30O4	0.45	0.0196
Cortisone	8.79	361.1982	[M + H] +	Steroid hormone biosynthesis	Untargeted	HMDB0002802	222,786	C21H28O5	3.30	0.0295
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)	8.262	289.21603	[M + H] +	Steroid hormone biosynthesis	Targeted	HMDB0000077	5881	C19H28O2	2.79	0.0178