Table 2.
Association between the mental disorders with different variables based on the chi-squared test.
| Variables | Depression N (%) | Anxiety N (%) | Stress N (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Moderate | Severe | p-value | No | Moderate | Severe | p-value | No | Moderate | Severe | p-value | ||
| Sex | Male | 335 (54.45) | 184 (28.22) | 113 (17.33) | 0.003 | 385 (58.25) | 122 (18.46) | 154 (23.30) | <0.001 | 431 (66.82) | 126 (19.53) | 88 (13.64) | 0.012 |
| Female | 313 (48.30) | 173 (26.70) | 162 (25.00) | 299 (45.65) | 152 (23.21) | 204 (31.15) | 375 (59.24) | 140 (22.12) | 118 (18.64) | ||||
| Ethnicity | Kurd | 618 (50.53) | 343 (28.05) | 262 (21.42) | 0.045 | 633 (51.13) | 263 (21.24) | 342 (27.63) | 0.049 | 750 (62.45) | 252 (20.98) | 199 (16.57) | 0.136 |
| Other | 50 (64.94) | 14 (18.18) | 13 (16.88) | 65 (65.98) | 11 (14.10) | 16 (20.51) | 56 (72.73) | 14 (18.18) | 7 (9.09) | ||||
| Marital status | Married | 417 (52.72) | 221 (27.94) | 153 (19.34) | 0.285 | 423 (53.01) | 166 (20.80) | 209 (26.19) | 0.224 | 497 (63.96) | 170 (21.88) | 110 (14.16) | 0.148 |
| Single | 217 (49.89) | 117 (26.90) | 101 (23.22) | 231 (52.26) | 89 (20.14) | 122 (27.60) | 267 (62.38) | 81 (18.93) | 80 (18.69) | ||||
| Divorce /widow | 34 (45.95) | 19 (25.68) | 21 (28.38) | 30 (39.47) | 19 (25.00) | 27 (35.53) | 42 (57.53) | 15 (20.55) | 16 (21.92) | ||||
| Education | <Diploma | 208 (51.49) | 96 (23.76) | 100 (24.75) | 0.003 | 197 (48.52) | 79 (19.46) | 130 (32.02) | 0.016 | 245 (62.03) | 70 (17.72) | 80 (20.25) | 0.023 |
| Diploma and associate degree | 205 (47.90) | 121 (28.27) | 102 (23.83) | 222 (50.80) | 90 (20.59) | 125 (28.60) | 261 (62.59) | 88 (21.1) | 68 (16.31) | ||||
| ≥Bachelor | 255 (54.49) | 140 (29.91) | 73 (15.60) | 265 (56.03) | 105 (22.20) | 103 (21.78) | 300 (64.38) | 108 (23.18) | 58 (12.45) | ||||
| Job | Student | 106 (55.50) | 52 (27.23) | 33 (17.28) | <0.001 | 98 (50.26) | 54 (27.69) | 43 (22.05) | <0.001 | 119 (62.96) | 45 (23.81) | 25 (13.23) | <0.001 |
| Employed | 258 (55.60) | 121 (26.08) | 85 (18.32) | 265 (57.73) | 84 (18.30) | 110 (23.97) | 312 (68.12) | 92 (20.09) | 54 (11.79) | ||||
| Retrieved | 79 (56.43) | 47 (33.57) | 14 (10.01) | 88 (60.69) | 24 (16.55) | 33 (22.76) | 96 (70.59) | 25 (18.38) | 15 (11.03) | ||||
| Housekeeper or unemployed | 225 (44.55) | 137 (27.13) | 143 (28.32) | 233 (45.07) | 112 (21.66) | 172 (33.27) | 279 (56.36) | 104 (21.01) | 112 (22.63) | ||||
| Insurance | Cover | 526 (53.02) | 276 (27.82) | 190 (19.15) | 0.006 | 532 (52.99) | 212 (21.12) | 260 (25.90) | 0.159 | 628 (64.61) | 197 (20.27) | 147 (15.12) | 0.100 |
| Un-covered | 142 (46.10) | 81 (26.30) | 85 (27.60) | 152 (48.72) | 62 (19.87) | 98 (31.41) | 178 (58.17) | 69 (22.55) | 59 (19.28) | ||||
| Economic statue | Low | 200 (41.24) | 143 (29.48) | 142 (29.28) | <0.001 | 220 (45.08) | 94 (19.26) | 174 (35.66) | <0.001 | 266 (56.72) | 104 (22.17) | 99 (21.11) | 0.001 |
| Middle | 234 (57.21) | 108 (26.41) | 67 (16.38) | 238 (57.21) | 90 (21.63) | 88 (21.15) | 275 (68.07) | 80 (19.8) | 49 (12.13) | ||||
| High | 234 (57.64) | 106 (26.11) | 66 (16.26) | 226 (54.85) | 90 (21.84) | 96 (23.30) | 265 (65.43) | 82 (20.25) | 58 (14.32) | ||||
| Loss of family members | No | 361 (53.17) | 190 (27.98) | 128 (18.85) | 0.101 | 365 (53.21) | 154 (22.45) | 167 (24.34) | 0.038 | 439 (64.75) | 142 (20.94) | 97 (14.31) | 0.165 |
| Yes | 307 (49.44) | 167 (26.89) | 147 (23.67) | 319 (50.63) | 120 (19.05) | 191 (30.32) | 367 (61.17) | 124 (20.67) | 109 (18.17) | ||||
| Job loss history | No | 563 (54.03) | 278 (26.68) | 201 (19.29) | <0.001 | 571 (54.33) | 210 (19.98) | 270 (25.69) | 0.003 | 663 (64.68) | 216 (21.07) | 146 (14.24) | 0.001 |
| Yes | 105 (40.70) | 79 (30.62) | 74 (28.68) | 113 (42.64) | 64 (24.15) | 88 (33.21) | 143 (56.52) | 50 (19.76) | 60 (23.72) | ||||
| Mental disorder history | No | 642 (53.90) | 321 (26.95) | 228 (19.14) | <0.001 | 654 (54.23) | 251 (20.81) | 301 (24.96) | <0.001 | 766 (65.14) | 240 (20.41) | 170 (14.46) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 26 (23.85) | 36 (33.03) | 47 (43.12) | 30 (27.27) | 23 (20.91) | 57 (51.82) | 40 (39.22) | 26 (25.49) | 36 (35.29) | ||||
| Hope for the future | No | 151 (28.22) | 172 (32.15) | 212 (39.63) | <0.001 | 183 (34.08) | 122 (22.72) | 232 (43.20) | <0.001 | 245 (46.85) | 132 (25.24) | 146 (27.92) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 517 (67.58) | 185 (24.18) | 63 (8.24) | 501 (64.31) | 152 (19.51) | 126 (16.17) | 561 (74.3) | 134 (17.75) | 60 (7.95) | ||||
| History of other diseases | No | 494 (57.51) | 223 (25.96) | 142 (16.53) | <0.001 | 505 (58.38) | 190 (21.97) | 170 (19.65) | <0.001 | 582 (68.79) | 161 (19.03) | 103 (12.17) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 174 (39.46) | 134 (30.39) | 133 (30.16) | 179 (39.69) | 84 (18.63) | 188 (41.69) | 224 (51.85) | 105 (24.31) | 103 (23.84) | ||||
| *Age | 40.32 ± 15.73 | 39.82 ± 15.42 | 40.68 ± 14.80 | 0.778 | 39.99 ± 15.46 | 38.97 ± 15.26 | 41.48 ± 15.64 | 0.116 | 40.23 ± 15.52 | 39.39 ± 14.94 | 40.43 ± 15.44 | 0.699 | |
| *BMI | 25.55 ± 3.92 | 25.79 ± 4.15 | 26.27 ± 4.91 | 0.062 | 25.57 ± 3.88 | 25.73 ± 4.26 | 26.09 ± 4.73 | 0.165 | 25.61 ± 3.95 | 25.96 ± 4.15 | 25.99 ± 5.03 | 0.310 | |