Table 1.
List of various circulating microRNAs reported in diabetes mellitus individuals
|
Mechanism/pathway (diabetes type)
|
Expression of miRNAs
|
Ref.
|
| Endothelial dysfunction (T2DM) | ↑miR-28-3p | [87] |
| ↓miR-24 | ||
| ↓miR-21 | ||
| ↓miR-20b | ||
| ↓miR-15a | ||
| ↓miR-126 | ||
| ↓miR-191 | ||
| ↓miR-197 | ||
| ↓miR-223 | ||
| ↓miR-320 | ||
| ↓miR-486 | ||
| ↓miR-150 | ||
| ↓miR-29b | ||
| ↓miR-107 | ||
| ↓miR-132 | ||
| ↓miR-144 | ||
| Glucose metabolism (T2DM) | ↑miR-9 | [88] |
| ↑miR-29a | ||
| ↑miR-30d | ||
| ↑miR-34a | ||
| ↑miR-124a | ||
| ↑miR-146a | ||
| ↑miR-375 | ||
| Inflammation (T2DM) | ↓miR-146a | [89] |
| Glucose metabolism (T2DM) | ↑miR-27a | [90] |
| ↑miR-320a | ||
| Glucose metabolism (T2DM) | ↓miR-126 | [91-93] |
| Inflammation (T2DM) | ↓miR-103b | [94] |
| Inflammation (T2DM) | ↓miR-126-3p | [95] |
| ↓miR-21-5p | ||
| Inflammation (T2DM) | ↓miR-126 | [96] |
| Endothelial dysfunction (T2DM) | ↓miR-126 | [97] |
| ↓miR-26a | ||
| Glucose metabolism (T2DM) | ↓miR-21 | [98] |
| Inflammation (T2DM) | ↓miR-126-3p | [99] |
| Endothelial dysfunction (T2DM) | ↓miR-24 | [100] |
| Platelet reactivity (T2DM) | ↓miR-223 | [101] |
| ↓miR-26b | ||
| ↓miR-126 | ||
| ↓miR-140 | ||
| Glucose metabolism (T2DM) | ↑miR-375 | [102] |
| ↑miR-9 | ||
| Glucose metabolism (T2DM) | ↑miR-30a-5p | [103] |
| ↑miR-150 | ||
| ↓miR-103 | ||
| ↓miR-28-3p | ||
| ↓miR-29a | ||
| ↓miR-9 | ||
| ↓miR-15a | ||
| ↓miR-126 | ||
| ↓miR-145 | ||
| ↓miR-375 | ||
| ↓miR-223 | ||
| ↓miR-133 | ||
| ↓miR-107 | ||
| Endothelial dysfunction (miR-126); hypoxia (miR-210) (T2DM) | ↓miR-126 | [104] |
| ↑miR-210 | ||
| Angiogenesis (T2DM) | ↑miR-193b-3p | [105] |
| ↑let-7i-5p | ||
| ↑miR-199a-3-5p | ||
| ↑miR-26b-5p | ||
| ↑miR-30b-5p | ||
| ↑miR-374a-5p | ||
| ↑miR-20a-3p | ||
| ↑miR-26a-5p | ||
| ↑miR-30c-5p | ||
| ↓miR-409-3p | ||
| ↓miR-95-3p | ||
| Apoptosis (T1DM) | ↑miR-21 | [106,107] |
| ↓miR-23a-3p | [108] | |
| ↓miR-23b-3p | ||
| ↓miR-149-5p | ||
| Inflammation (T1DM) | ↑miR-101a | [109] |
| ↑miR-30b | ||
| -cell dysfunction (T1DM) | ↑miR-106b-5p | [110,111] |
| ↑miR-222-3p | ||
| ↑miR-181a | ||
| T-cell dysfunction (T1DM) | ↑miR-26a | [112] |
| ↑miR-98 | [113] | |
| ↑miR-23b | ||
| ↑miR-590-5p | ||
| -cell lymphopoiesis (T1DM) | ↑miR-34a | [114] |
| DNA damage checkpoint (T1DM) | ↑miR-200 | [115] |
| Apoptosis (T1DM) | ↓miR-144 | [116] |
| Autoimmune imbalance (T1DM) | ↓miR-146a | [117] |
| MODY | ↑miR-103 | [118] |
| MODY | ↑miR-224 | |
| Glucose metabolism (GDM) | ↑miR-222 | [119] |
| ↑miR-98 | [120] | |
| ↑miR-518d | [121] | |
| ↑miR-340 | [122] | |
| ↑miR-130b, miR148a | [123] | |
| -cell dysfunction (GDM) | ↑miR-33a-5p | [124] |
| ↑miR-330-3p | [125] | |
| ↓miR-494 | [126] | |
| ↓miR-96 | [127] | |
| ↓miR-221 | [128] |
miRNAs: MicroRNAs; T1DM: Type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; GDM: Gestational diabetes mellitus; MODY: Maturity-onset diabetes of young.