Table 1.
Age-standardized characteristics of study population in the lowest and highest quintiles of energy-adjusted dietary patterns during the follow-up in the pooled data
| Quintile | Q1 | Q5 | Q1 | Q5 | Q1 | Q5 | Q1 | Q5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pattern | AHEI-2010 | AMED | hPDI | DASH | ||||
| Median scorea | 39.0 | 65.0 | 2.3 | 6.4 | 47.2 | 62.5 | 17.9 | 29.1 |
| Ageb, year | 52.2 (11.6) | 58.3 (11.1) | 53.7 (11.4) | 56.2 (11.7) | 53.7 (11.6) | 56.4 (11.7) | 53.4 (11.1) | 56.5 (12.0) |
| Family history of cancer, % | 35.9 | 43.1 | 39.3 | 39.2 | 39.7 | 39.1 | 38.8 | 39.3 |
| Family history of diabetes, % | 24.0 | 28.7 | 26.6 | 25.8 | 26.3 | 26.8 | 26.2 | 25.8 |
| Family history of CVD, % | 40.6 | 44.0 | 42.0 | 43.0 | 41.7 | 43.5 | 42.0 | 42.5 |
| Physical activity, METS-h/week | 15.2 (17.1) | 30.0 (27.0) | 15.9 (17.6) | 28.1 (25.6) | 16.6 (17.8) | 28.0 (26.8) | 15.4 (17.1) | 29.2 (27.0) |
| Height, cm | 167.3 (8.7) | 166.9 (8.3) | 167.2 (8.7) | 167.0 (8.3) | 167.3 (8.6) | 166.9 (8.4) | 167.0 (8.7) | 167.2 (8.3) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.6 (4.8) | 24.4 (4.0) | 25.7 (4.9) | 24.4 (3.9) | 25.6 (4.8) | 24.6 (4.1) | 25.7 (4.9) | 24.4 (4.0) |
| Alcohol consumption, g/day | 5.9 (12.6) | 6.8 (7.3) | 5.8 (11.7) | 6.7 (7.7) | 5.2 (8.8) | 6.7 (10.1) | 6.7 (11.4) | 5.3 (7.9) |
| Current smoking, % | 24.3 | 13.4 | 24.5 | 14.2 | 20.6 | 16.0 | 28.0 | 11.8 |
| Regular aspirin usec, % | 26.5 | 23.2 | 25.2 | 24.9 | 25.2 | 24.7 | 25.6 | 23.8 |
| Regular NSAIDs used, % | 22.8 | 26.1 | 25.8 | 23.4 | 25.0 | 24.2 | 25.9 | 22.6 |
| Multivitamin use, % | 42.5 | 57.2 | 43.6 | 56.0 | 45.0 | 54.9 | 40.8 | 58.0 |
| Postmenopausal hormone use, % | 12.6 | 15.5 | 12.3 | 15.8 | 12.3 | 15.7 | 12.3 | 15.5 |
| Coffee, cup/d | 1.8 (1.6) | 1.9 (1.4) | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.8 (1.4) | 1.5 (1.4) | 2.2 (1.5) | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.8 (1.4) |
| Total energy intake, kcal/d | 1836 (485) | 1836 (497) | 1824 (515) | 1832 (445) | 1841 (462) | 1834 (508) | 1839 (516) | 1845 (451) |
| Pattern | DRRD | WCRF/AICR | rEDIH | rEDIP | ||||
| Median scorea | 20.6 | 33.4 | 1.5 | 3.2 | -0.7 | -0.2 | -0.3 | 0.4 |
| Ageb, year | 53.6 (11.5) | 56.4 (11.7) | 52.9 (11.3) | 56.9 (11.9) | 52.4 (11.1) | 57.6 (11.5) | 53.9 (11.8) | 55.6 (11.2) |
| Family history of cancer, % | 39.1 | 39.6 | 37.9 | 39.8 | 36.7 | 42.4 | 38.1 | 40.7 |
| Family history of diabetes, % | 26.3 | 26.3 | 24.0 | 27.5 | 26.6 | 26.0 | 28.0 | 24.7 |
| Family history of CVD, % | 41.7 | 43.6 | 41.7 | 42.7 | 41.6 | 42.9 | 42.5 | 42.6 |
| Physical activity, METS-h/week | 15.9 (17.5) | 28.5 (26.6) | 16.6 (17.7) | 27.7 (26.9) | 17.4 (19.0) | 28.0 (26.6) | 18.8 (20.6) | 24.8 (24.2) |
| Height, cm | 167.0 (8.7) | 167.1 (8.3) | 167.3 (8.6) | 166.9 (8.4) | 167.4 (8.8) | 167.1 (8.2) | 166.9 (8.7) | 167.4 (8.4) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.7 (4.9) | 24.5 (3.9) | 25.0 (4.4) | 25.0 (4.4) | 26.7 (5.2) | 23.7 (3.5) | 26.5 (5.2) | 24.2 (3.8) |
| Alcohol consumption, g/day | 5.0 (9.3) | 6.6 (9.4) | 9.3 (11.7) | 3.4 (6.6) | 4.5 (8.7) | 10.0 (12.0) | 3.2 (7.0) | 12.1 (13.5) |
| Current smoking, % | 21.2 | 15.0 | 26.0 | 12.4 | 21.3 | 17.2 | 17.6 | 22.5 |
| Regular aspirin usec, % | 24.8 | 25.2 | 26.5 | 23.2 | 26.6 | 23.9 | 25.6 | 26.1 |
| Regular NSAIDs used, % | 24.9 | 24.3 | 24.9 | 23.1 | 25.2 | 25.5 | 25.2 | 26.2 |
| Multivitamin use, % | 43.2 | 56.5 | 44.2 | 55.9 | 43.5 | 55.6 | 45.5 | 53.1 |
| Postmenopausal hormone use, % | 12.5 | 15.9 | 13.0 | 15.1 | 13.2 | 14.5 | 13.4 | 14.6 |
| Coffee, cup/d | 1.2 (1.3) | 2.3 (1.5) | 2.0 (1.5) | 1.7 (1.5) | 1.3 (1.4) | 2.5 (1.6) | 1.0 (1.1) | 2.9 (1.6) |
| Total energy intake, kcal/d | 1825 (499) | 1827 (484) | 1806 (466) | 1801 (499) | 1915 (534) | 1923 (487) | 1893 (531) | 1889 (496) |
AHEI-2010, Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010; AMED, Alternate Mediterranean Diet score; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score; DRRD, Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet; METS, metabolic equivalent for task score; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; hPDI, Healthful plant-based diet index; rEDIH, reversed Empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia; rEDIP, reversed Empirical dietary inflammation pattern; WCRF/AICR, World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) dietary score.
Values are means (standard deviations) for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables if not specified otherwise.
Energy-adjusted scores are shown.
All variables are standardized to the age distribution of the study population, except for age.
Regular users are defined as participants who take at least 2 tablets of aspirin (325 mg/tablet) per week in the NHS and at least 2 times per week in the HPFS and NHSII.
Regular users are defined as participants who take at least 2 times per week.