Table 3.

Effect of in utero choline exposure treatment, calf sex, and time on Angus × Holstein calf weight and dimensions from 2 to 9 mo of age presented as least square means and 95% CI

	Treatment1				Sex		P-value2				Contrasts3
Item	CTL	RPC1RD	RPC2RD	RPC2HD	Male	Female	Trt	Sex	T	S × T	A	B
Weight, kg	214.5	220.9	228.6	225.2	216.4	228.3	0.28	0.05	<0.001	0.09	0.81	0.10
	[204.6, 225.0]	[207.2, 235.5]	[217.5, 240.3]	[215.3, 235.6]	[218.7, 238.3]	[210.1, 222.9]
ADG, kg4	1.21	1.24	1.27	1.25	1.27	1.23	0.86	0.20	–	–	0.38	0.27
	[1.16, 1.27]	[1.17, 1.32]	[1.21, 1.34]	[1.19, 1.30]	[1.21, 1.31]	[1.19, 1.26]
Withers, cm	104.9	106.8	107.2	106.6	105.1	107.6	0.14	0.01	<0.001	0.18	0.001	0.05
	[102.5, 107.3]	[104.1, 109.6]	[104.7, 109.7]	[104.1, 109.2]	[105.0, 110.3]	[100.1, 110.5]
Hips, cm5	111.4a	113.0a,b	113.6b	112.6ab	113.5	111.8	0.07	0.02	<0.001	0.70	<0.001	0.05
	[110.3, 112.5]	[111.5, 114.6]	[112.4, 114.8]	[111.6, 113.7]	[112.3, 114.6]	[111.1, 112.6]

¹CTL = 0 g/d supplemental RPC; RPC1_RD = 15 g/d supplemental RPC (ReaShure; Balchem Corp.); RPC2_RD = 15 g/d supplemental RPC in concentrated prototype (Balchem Corp.); RPC2_HD = 22 g/d supplemental RPC in concentrated prototype (Balchem Corp.).

² P-values for Trt × Sex, Trt × Time, Trt × Sex × Time were all P > 0.22.

³Contrast A: CTL vs. RPC; Contrast B: linear dose of RPC.

⁴ADG is from weaning to 9 mo.

⁵Quadratic effect for RPC dose (P = 0.09).

^a,bMeans within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).