Table 1.
Probiotic interventions with efficacy against selected outcomes as supported by moderate to high certainty evidence and statistically significant differences between the treatment and at least one other treatment and placebo in pooled analyses (from Figure 2 in Morgan et al.31
| Intervention | Outcome | References |
|---|---|---|
| Combination of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. | All-cause mortality | Lin et al.126 Lin et al.127 Samanta et al.128 Rougé et al.129 Braga et al.130 Al-Hosni et al.49 Roy et al.131 Saengtawesin et al.132 Van Niekerk et al.133 |
| Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis | NEC occurrence | Mihatsch et al.134 Stratiki et al.135 Hays et al.136 Dilli et al.114 |
| Combination of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. | Lin et al.126 Lin et al.127 Samanta et al.128 Rougé et al.129 Braga et al.130 Al-Hosni et al.49 Roy et al.131 Saengtawesin et al.132 Van Niekerk et al.133 |
|
| Combination of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Saccharomyces boulardii | Days to reach full feeds | Shashidhar et al.137 Hariharan et al.138 Arora et al.139 |
| Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis | Duration of hospitalization | Mihatsch et al.134 Stratiki et al.135 Hays et al.136 Dilli et al.114 |
| Lactobacillus reuteri | Romeo et al.140 Rojas et al.141 Indrio et al.142 Oncel et al.143 Hernández-Enríquez et al.144 |