Table 3.

Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri on duration of hospitalization (DOH).

Study	Country	Sample size		Average duration of hospitalization (days)		Registered	Sequence generation & Allocation concealment	Data collectors/outcome assessors blinded	Year last enrolled participant	Primary Outcome(s)	Comments
		Treatment	Control	Treatment	Control
Romeo et al.140	Italy	83	83	17.8	31.3	No	The three arms had different dosing regimens and were, therefore, not concealed to the staff or families.	UTD	2007	Incidence of enteric fungal colonization and fungal and bacterial infections	Outcome category unclear but not primary
Rojas et al.141	Colombia	372	378	20.0	20.0	Yes (NCT00727363)‡	Low risk	UTD	2011	Death or nosocomial infection	DOH stated as secondary outcome. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that this outcome was significant for infants with birth weight <1500 g.
Oncel et al.143	Turkey	200	200	38*	46*	Yes (NCT01531179)‡	Low risk	Low risk	2013	NEC or death	DOH stated as secondary outcome
Hernández-Enríquez et al.144	Mexico	24	20	39.3	50.6	No	Low risk	The neonatologists who diagnosed and classified necrotizing enterocolitis knew the group allocation.	2013	NEC	Outcome category unclear but not primary
Indrio et al.142	Italy	30	30	13.4*	22.4*	Yes (NCT00985816)‡	Low risk	Low risk	2012	Feeding tolerance	DOH stated as secondary outcome

NA = not available.

UTD = unable to be determined based on information provided.

*Difference in outcome between treatment and control arms was significant.