Figure 3.

Reactive oxygen species production in HepG2 cells upon treatment with extracts from bamboo sheaths. (A) Representative green images (CellROX dye) of reactive oxygen species (ROS) captured by fluorescent microscopy in HepG2 cells without treatment (−) or with 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mL of bamboo sheaths (BS) for 4 h and then treated with 10 mM H₂O₂ for 30 min. Merged images of green and blue (DAPI (40,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) dye for staining DNA) are shown. (B) ROS production is reported as mean pixel intensity (green dye) normalized to cell number (blue dye) in three independent experiments each performed in triplicate. The histograms represent means ± SEM. *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.