Figure 3.
Effects of caffeic acid on oxidative stress. (a,b) Representative histograms showing ROS and LPO in the experimental mice brain hippocampus. (c) Analysis of the protein expression in Nrf2 and HO-1 by immunoblotting in the mouse hippocampus. Using ImageJ software, the bands were quantified, and the difference is displayed by the histogram for each band. β-actin was used as a loading control. (d) Immunofluorescence of Nrf2 and representative histogram and DAPI staining (blue) in the hippocampus (Cornu Ammonis (CA1) and Dentate Gyrus (DG regions) of adult mice. The density values are relative to those in the control group and are expressed in arbitrary units (AU), magnification 10×, scale bar = 50 μm. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM of 4 mice/group for Western blot and 4 mice/group for confocal microscopy and are representative of three independent experiments. ω indicates a significant difference from saline-injected control mice; σ indicates a significant difference from Aβ1–42-injected mice. Significance = ω p < 0.05, σ p < 0.05.