Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of study patients according to first-line treatment regimens.
| Cefiderocol Group (n = 40) |
Colistin Group (n = 50) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 67 (59–72) | 64 (55–76) |
| Male gender | 35 (86) | 19 (38) * |
| Surgical admission | 20 (50) | 28 (56) |
| Immunosuppression | 13 (33) | 14 (28) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 5 (2–6) | 7 (2–8) |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 7 (18) | 18 (36) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 12 (30) | 19 (50) |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 6 (15) | 15 (30) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 3 (8) | 7 (14) |
| Chronic liver disease | 1 (3) | 1 (2) |
| Solid cancer | 5 (13) | 6 (12) |
| Active hematologic malignancies | 3 (8) | 4 (8) |
| Solid organ transplantation | 4 (10) | 5 (10) |
| Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | 4 (10) | 5 (10) |
| APACHE II score on ICU admission | 24 (22–29) | 22 (20–24) * |
| VAP onset from ICU admission (days) | 8 (6–12) | 9 (7–10) |
| SOFA score at VAP onset | 9 (8–12) | 9 (8–11) |
| Oxygenation at VAP onset | ||
| PaO2 to FiO2 ratio >200 | 6 (15) | 7 (14) |
| PaO2 to FiO2 ratio >100 and <200 | 27 (68) | 40 (80) |
| PaO2 to FiO2 ratio <100 | 7 (18) | 3 (6) |
| Infection severity at VAP onset | ||
| Uncomplicated infection | 9 (23) | 6 (12) |
| Sepsis | 10 (25) | 18 (36) |
| Septic shock | 21 (53) | 26 (52) |
| Bacteraemic VAP | 13 (33) | 16 (32) |
| Augmented renal clearance | 8 (20) | 7 (14) |
| Acute kidney injury at VAP onset # | 7 (19) | 12 (33) |
| De novo acute kidney injury § | 13 (45) | 17 (47) |
| CRRT | 7 (18) | 9 (18) |
| vv-ECMO | 3 (8) | 1 (2) |
| Known respiratory CRAB colonization | 22 (55) | 30 (60) |
| Fast molecular diagnostics at VAP onset | 8 (20) | 12 (24) |
| Timely (<24 h) targeted therapy | 30 (75) | 42 (84) |
| Antibiotic therapy duration (days) | 13 (10–15) | 12 (10–14) |
Data are presented as no. (%) of included patients or as median (interquartile range), unless otherwise indicated. * p < 0.05 vs. cefiderocol group. # 6 IHD patients (4 patients in cefiderocol group, 2 patients in colistin group) were not included in analysis. § 6 IHD patients (4 patients in cefiderocol group, 2 patients in colistin group) and 19 patients with AKI at VAP onset (7 patients in cefiderocol group, 12 patients in colistin group) were not included in analysis. APACHE: Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation; BMI: body max index; CRAB: carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; CRRT: continuous renal replacement therapy; SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment; VAP: ventilator-associated pneumonia; vv-ECMO: veno-venous extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation.