Abbreviation	Definitions
CS	cigarette smoke
ROS	reactive oxygen species
COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
PF	pulmonary fibrosis
WHO	World Health Organization
FCTC	Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
NOX	NADPH oxidase
NETs	neutrophil extracellular traps
DAMP	damage-associated molecular patterns
RAGE	receptor for advanced glycation end products
HMGB1	high mobility group box 1
sRAGE	soluble form RAGE
mRAGE	membrane-bound form RAGE
TLRs	toll-like receptors
H1R	histamine receptor-1
COX2	cyclooxygenase2
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light chain-enhancer of activated B cells
IKK	IκB kinase
ERK1/2	extracellular signal-regulated kinases
JNK1/2	c-Jun N-terminal Kinase
STAT	signal transducer and activator of transcription
IRF9	interferon regulatory factor 9
CBP	CREB-binding protein
CSE	cigarette smoke extract
BAL	bronchoalveolar lavage
BCL-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
TP53	tumor protein p53
IAPs	inhibitor of apoptosis proteins
TSSK4	testis-specific serine/threonine kinase 4
NQO1	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1
AKR1C3	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3
GPX2	glutathione peroxidase 2
ILD	interstitial lung disease
MMPs	matrix metalloproteinases
SIRT1	sirtuin-1
SASP	senescence-associated secretory phenotype
OSGIN	oxidative stress-induced growth inhibitor
Nrf2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor
Keap1	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
ARE	antioxidant response elements
HO1	heme oxygenase 1
GST	glutathione S-transferase
FEV1	forced expiratory volume
SOD1	superoxide dismutase type 1
TXNRD1	thioredoxin reductase 1
GOLD	Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease
HUC-MSC	Human umbilical cord mesenchymal system cell
LPHNPs	lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles
EMT	epithelial-mesenchymal transition
SNPs	single nucleotide polymorphisms
CYP1A1	cytochrome P450 Family 1 Subfamily A Member 1
CYP1B1	cytochrome P450 Family 1 Subfamily B Member 1
CCL18	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18
CXCR3	chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3
TIMPs	tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases
miRNAs	microRNAs
PDE4B	phosphodiesterase 4B
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
HIF	hypoxia-inducible factor
NSCLC	non-small-cell lung cancer
mAbs	monoclonal antibodies
MSCs	mesenchymal stem cells
PAHs	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
ARDS	acute respiratory distress syndrome
NE	neutrophil elastase
ACE2	angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
TMPRSS2/4	transmembrane protease, serine 2 and 4
ICAM-1	Intercellular adhesion molecule 1
AE-COPD	acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
FVC	forced vital capacity
CVD	cardiovascular disease
GMP	guanosine monophosphate
eNOS	endothelial NOS
NLR	NOD-like receptor
NLRP3	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
sVCAM-1	soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
LDL	low-density lipoprotein
oxLDL	oxidized LDLs
LOX-1	lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1