Table 1.
BPD and ASD summary table.
| Reference | Sample | Methods | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rydén et al. 2008 [43] |
BPD patients: F = 41 | SCID-II; ASDI; FTF; A-TAC | 15% of BPD subjects met the criteria for ASD More frequent suicide attempts, higher substance abuse and altered self-image in BPD subjects with ASD |
| Shen et al. 2016 [84] |
BPD patients: N = 292 (F = 190; M = 102; mean age: 25 years) HC: N = 5840 (F = 3800; M = 2040; mean age: 25 years) |
ICD-9-CM | increased odds ratio in BPD patients for having ASD (OR = 10.0) |
| Brugha et al. 2020 [85] |
N = 378 (M = 364; F = 374) | AQ; RAADS-R; ADOS Module 4 | 45% of ASD female had a diagnosis of BPD |
| Anckarsäter et al. 2006 [81] |
N = 240 (M = 131; F = 109; mean age: 31.0 years) | TCI; SCID-I; SCID-II; ASDI; AS-HFASQ; Y-BOCS | ASD and ADHD subjects exhibited high rates of Personality Disorders |
| Hofvander et al. 2009 [87] |
ASD subjects: N = 62 | ASDI; SCID-I; SCID-II | 68% met the criteria for one or more personality disorders 40% met those for two or more, 18% met those for three or more: 7% of the population had BPD |
| Strunz et al. 2015 [88] |
NPD: N = 62 (F = 17; M = 45; mean age 30.8 ± 9.7 years) HC: N = 106, 62 (F = 50; M = 56; mean age 32.7 ± 10.9 years) BPD: N = 80 (F = 51; M = 29; mean age 29.7 ± 8.8 years) ASD: N = 59 (F = 32; M = 48; mean age 32.7 ± 10.9 years) |
ADOS; ADI-R; M.I.N.I.; SCID-I; NEO-PI-R; FFM; NEO-PI-R; FFM; DAPPBQ |
DAPP-BQ: Emotional Dysregulation scores: BPD > ASD > HC Inhibitedness scores: ASD/BPD > HC Dissocial Behavior scores: BPD> ASD/HC Compulsivity scores: ASD > BPD/HC NEO-PI-R: Neuroticism scores: BPD > ASD > HC, Extraversion dimension scores: BPD/HC > ASD Openness to Experience scores: HC/BPD > ASD Straight-forwardness scores: ASD > BPD/HC Conscientiousness scores: ASD > PDB |
| Ketelaars et al. 2007 [89] |
Outpatient: N = 369 (F = 189; M = 180; mean age: 35 years) ASD: N = 15 (F = 3; M = 12; mean age: 22 years) HC: N = 21 (F = 3; M = 18; mean age: 27 years) |
ADI-R; ADOS; AQ | no significant differences in the pattern of diagnoses between ASD and non-ASD patients |
| May et al. 2021 [83] |
12 studies | BPD prevalence in ASD ranged between 0% to 15% BPD pooled prevalence ASD individuals of 3–5% |