| bid | bis in die (twice a day) |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| GPCR | G protein-coupled receptor |
| IFNB1 | interferon- β |
| IL1B | interleukin-1β |
| LDN | low-dose naltrexone |
| MS | multiple sclerosis |
| NSAID | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| OPRD1 | Opioid Receptor Delta 1 |
| OPRK1 | Opioid Receptor Kappa 1 |
| OPRM1 | Opioid Receptor Mu 1 (mu-opioid receptor, MOR) |
| qid | quater in die (four times a day) |
| TAC1 | Tachykinin Precursor 1 (Substance P) |
| TLR4 | Toll-like receptor 4 |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor α |
| Ultra-LDN | ultra-low-dose naltrexone |
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