Figure 20.

Shape transformations of a spherical nanovesicle with $N_{ol}=5700$ and $N_{il}=4400$, induced by the reduction of vesicle volume from $\nu =1$ to $\nu =0.7$. The second panel with $\nu ={\nu }_0=0.966$ represents a tensionless bilayer: the outer leaflet is stretched with ${\Sigma }_{ol}=+0.87k_{\mathrm{B}}T/d^2$ whereas the inner leaflet is compressed with ${\Sigma }_{il}=-0.82k_{\mathrm{B}}T/d^2$. For volume $\nu =0.7$, the vesicle exhibits an in-bud with an open neck [28].