Table 3.
Evolution from day 0 to day 21 of the weight expressed in grams, maturity variables as pH, solid soluble content (SSC) expressed as percentage, total acidity (TA) expressed as g L−1, and mature index (MI) as the SSC (%)/TA (%). Total phenol contents (TPC) expressed as mg g−1, chlorophyll variables chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll expressed as mL g−1, and color parameters a*, b*, and L in broccoli subjected to the different treatments (Broc-Control, Broc-Tom, Broc-Tom + KMnO4, Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C, Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C + TiO2).
| Treatments | Weight (%) | pH | SSC (%) | |||
| Day 0 | Day 21 | Day 0 | Day 21 | Day 0 | Day 21 | |
| Broc-Control | 100 | 56.01 ± 3.08 a | 6.39 ± 0.03 | 6.78 ± 0.04 c | 7.83 ± 0.33 | 9.58 ± 0.07 c |
| Broc-Tomato | 39.38 ± 1.41 c | 7.12 ± 0.04 a | 11.66 ± 0.10 a | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 | 45.56 ± 1.49 b | 6.95 ± 0.03 b | 10.33 ± 0.07 b | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C | 51.20 ± 2.38 a | 6.87 ± 0.01 b | 9.99 ± 0.09 b | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C + TiO2 | 64.98 ± 3.50 a | 6.82 ± 0.02 c | 10.01 ± 0.10 b | |||
| F = 6.21 ** | F = 17.96 *** | F = 86.33 ** | ||||
| Treatments | TA | MI | TPC | |||
| Day 0 | Day 21 | Day 0 | Day 21 | Day 0 | Day 21 | |
| Broc-Control | 0.93 ± 0.05 | 0.75 ± 0.02 a | 1.70 ± 0.09 | 2.58 ± 0.06 c | 36.41 ± 1.24 | 27.10 ± 0.29 a |
| Broc-Tomato | 0.54 ± 0.01 b | 4.37 ± 0.08 a | 11.63 ± 1.02 c | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 | 0.69 ± 0.02 a | 3.01 ± 0.10 b | 20.11 ± 1.57 b | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C | 0.71 ± 0.03 a | 2.86 ± 0.14 bc | 24.47 ± 0.78 ab | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C + TiO2 | 0.70 ± 0.02 a | 2.90 ± 0.10 bc | 27.25 ± 0.60 a | |||
| F = 12.84 *** | F = 49.31 *** | F = 46.96 *** | ||||
| Treatments | Chlorophyll a | Chlorophyll b | Total Chlorophyll | |||
| Day 0 | Day 21 | Day 0 | Day 21 | Day 0 | Day 21 | |
| Broc-Control | 2.19 ± 0.26 | 1.81 ± 0.24 a | 10.41 ± 1.13 | 11.37 ± 0.52 a | 18.62 ± 1.26 | 18.23 ± 0.38 a |
| Broc-Tomato | 1.33 ± 0.21 b | 5.49 ± 0.68 d | 9.87 ± 0.62 d | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 | 1.60 ± 0.13 ab | 7.22 ± 0.23 c | 12.68 ± 0.31 c | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C | 1.62 ± 0.09 ab | 8.13 ± 0.28 bc | 13.91 ± 0.36 bc | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C + TiO2 | 1.80 ± 0.12 a | 9.08 ± 0.29 b | 15.41 ± 0.22 b | |||
| F = 4.84 * | F = 35.65 *** | F = 60.06 *** | ||||
| Treatments | Colour a* | Colour b* | Colour L | |||
| Day 0 | Day 21 | Day 0 | Day 21 | Day 0 | Day 21 | |
| Broc-Control | −4.52 ± 0.23 | −8.17 ± 0.39 a | 6.26 ± 0.30 | 14.45 ± 0.52 b | 25.69 ± 0.68 | 25.63 ± 1.41 b |
| Broc-Tomato | −15.26 ± 1.56 c | 24.86 ± 1.36 a | 49.63 ± 2.96 a | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 | −12.69 ± 1.02 bc | 17.18 ± 0.69 b | 30.33 ± 1.22 b | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C | −10.80 ± 0.47 ab | 15.04 ± 0.94 b | 28.95 ± 0.86 b | |||
| Broc-Tom + KMnO4 + UV-C + TiO2 | −8.48 ± 0.27 a | 14.61 ± 1.19 b | 26.11 ± 0.92 b | |||
| F = 11.28 *** | F = 19.83 *** | F = 36.08 *** | ||||
The means ± standard error of the means (SEM) are shown. Different letters for each treatment represent statistically significant differences according to Tukey’s test, n = 5 per treatment and day. *, **, ***, significant at p < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001, respectively.