Table 5.

Functions of major glucosinolates and hydrolysis products analyzed in this experiment.

Chemical Compounds	Class	Hydrolysis Products	Functions
Gluconapin	Aliphatic	1-cyano-3,4-etithiobutane	In Mice
			Prevent postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and decrease plasma triglyceride gain [36]
			In Human
			Increase NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), glutathione S -transferase A3 and the glutamate–cysteine ligase subunit (CETP) in Hep G2 Cell [46]
Glucobrassicanapin	Aliphatic	4-pentenyl isothiocyanate	In Gram-negative bacteria
			Increase antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila [28]
			In rats [29]
			Decrease release of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) from RBL
Progoitrin	Aliphatic	Nitrile Crambene (1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3-butene)	In human Hep Gsub2 cell; mouse Hepa 1c1c7 cells and mouse H4IIEC3 cells [38]
			Increase the activity of quinone reductase resulting in cell cycle arrest
			In Swiss mice
			In Swiss mice protect against acute pancreatitis by inducing pancreatic acinar cell apoptosis by activating anti-inflammatory and mitochondrial pathways [38,39] Decrease acute pancreatitis and activate anti-inflammatory pathway [38] Activate mitochondrial pathways [39]
Gluconasturtiin	Aromatic	2-phenylethyl isothiocyante	The anticancer activity of phenyl ethyl isothiocyanate, a hydrolyzed product obtained from gluconasturtiin, is excellent as it induces cytoprotective genes mediated by Nrf2 and AhR transcription factors, represses NF-κB, and inhibits both cytochrome P450 and histone deacetylase [30]
Glucobrassicin	Indolic	Indole-3-carbinol	In human
			Inhibit breast and ovarian cancer [47] Inhibit apoptosis of osteoporosis and ROS-mediated Nrf2 pathway [40]
			In rat
			Decrease portal hypertension, the severity of mesenteric angiogenesis, and portosystemic collaterals in cirrhosis [48]
			In mice
			Decrease Citrobacter rodentium growth causing acute intestinal inflammation and increase T cell activity [49]