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Relative mRNA expression of PDK1 in CD133− GBM cells, CD133+ GBM cells, and CD133+ GBM cells treated with N-shRNA. Relative expression was normalized using a housekeeping gene, β-actin, as an internal standard. The relative gene expression level was expressed as fold changes compared to the gene expression level in CD133− cells. The statistical analysis was performed with a one-way ANOVA followed by the Holm–Sidaks multiple comparison test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001.
