Figure 1.

The mechanisms of mitochondria in promoting and inhibiting ferroptosis. Mitochondria coordinate necroptotic cell death through multiple mechanisms. The mitochondrial glutaminolysis-TCA-ETC axis is a significant pathway to induce ferroptosis, during which the production of ROS leads to ferroptosis through lipid peroxidation. GPX4 also inhibits lipid peroxidation in mitochondria. FtMt stores iron and inhibits Erastin from upregulating NOX2, VDAC2, and VDAC3 to alleviate ferroptosis [14].