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. 2023 Jun 9;24(12):9936. doi: 10.3390/ijms24129936

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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On-surface cytotoxicity bioassay via adherent HEK293T-CMV-ELuc cells: one facility (G2) and one field sample (G3) of G. elata (1–4 mg/band each, 10–40 µL/band) were applied on HPTLC plates silica 60 RP-18 W, two-step developed with (1) ethyl acetate–toluene (4/1, V/V) up to 6 cm, and after drying, with (2) ethyl acetate–methanol (4/1, V/V) up to 3 cm, and detected (a) at white light illumination after derivatization with the 2-naphthol sulfuric acid reagent and (b) cell bioluminescence after the cytotoxicity bioassay (depicted as a greyscale image; NT: non-treated cells applied on the plate background and used as negative control; plate with positive control in Figure S3c).