aCL	anti-cardiolipin antibody
Akt	protein kinase B derived from AKR mouse thymoma
ANA	anti-nuclear antibody
APRIL	a proliferation-inducing ligand
BAFF	B cell activating factor of TNF Family
BAFF-R	receptor for BAFF
BCMA	B cell maturation antigen
BR3	BLyS receptor 3
C1q	Q fragment of complement component 1
CCL	C-C chemokine Receptor
CCR	receptor of cysteine-cysteine motif containing chemokine
CD	cluster of differentiation
circRNA	circular ribonucleic acid
CKD	chronic kidney disease
CSF	colony stimulating factor
CXC	cysteine-X amino acid-cysteine motif containing chemokine
CXCL	ligand for CXC chemokine
DAMP	damage associated molecular pattern
DC	dendritic cell
DEPs	differential expressed proteins
dsDNA	double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid
EC	endothelial cell
ECM	extracellular matrix
Erb-B	receptor tyrosine kinase derived from epidermal growth factor
ESRD	end-stage renal disease
EZH-2	enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit
Fab	a and b fragment of immunoglobulin
Fc	c (or constant) fragment of immunoglobulin
Fh2	type II follicular helper T cell
GMC	glomerular mesangial cell
GN	glomerulonephritis
HIF	hypoxia inducible factor
HLA-DR	R chain of human leukocyte antigen-class D
HRMC	human renal mesangial cell
IC	immune complex
IFN	interferon
IFN-I	type I interferon
Ig	immunoglobulin
IL	interleukin
IL-22BP	interleukin 22 binding protein
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
IP-10	Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (=CXCL10)
ISG	interferon stimulated gene
ISN	International Society of Nephrology
IVIG	intravenous immunoglobulin G infusion
JAK	Janus kinase
JSLE	juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus
KC	keratinocyte-derived cytokine (=CXCL1)
LAIR1	leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1
LCN-2	lipocalin 2
LN	lupus nephritis
LNA	locked nucleic acid
lncRNA	long non-coding RNA
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
LRR	leucine rich repeat
MC	mesangial cell
MCP-1	monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
M-CSF	myeloid colony stimulating factor
mDC	myeloid dendritic cell
MHC-II	major histocompatibility complex Class II
miR	microRNA
MPAA	mycophenolic acid analogue
MPGN	membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis
mRNA	messenger ribonucleic acid
mTOR	mechanistic target of rapamycin
ncRNAs	non-coding RNAs
NETs	neutrophil extracellular traps
NF-kB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell
NGAL	neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
NLR	NOD-like receptor
NLRP3	nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) and pyrin domain-containing receptor 3
NMDAR	N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor
NOD	nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein
PAMP	Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern
PBL	peripheral blood lymphocyte
PBMC	peripheral blood mononuclear cell
pcDNA	mammalian expressing vector
pDC	plasmacytoid dendritic cell
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3 kinase
PMN	polymorphonuclear leukocyte
PRR	pattern recognition receptor
RIG-1	retinoic acid-inducible gene 1
RIP3	receptor-interacting serine–threonine kinase 3
RLR	retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 like receptor
RMC	rodent glomerular mesangial cell
RRP8	ribosomal RNA-processing protein 8
RT-PCR	reverse transcriptase assisted polymerase chain reaction
SCF	stem cell factor
ScRNA-Seq	single-cell analysis of RNA sequence
SIA	sialic acid
SLE	systemic lupus erythematosus
SLEDAI	systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index
sncRNA	short non-coding ribonucleic acid
SOCS	suppressor of cytokine signaling
STAT	signal transducer and activators of transcription
TACI	transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cytophilin ligand interactor
TCR	T cell receptor
TEC	tubular epithelial cell
TGF-β	transforming growth factor beta
Th	T helper cells
THP	Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein
TLR	toll-like receptor
TLS	tertiary lymphoid structure
TNF-a	tumor necrosis factor
TNP-1	Spermatid nuclear transition protein 1
TPL	triptolide
tRNA	transfer ribonucleic acid
tsRNA	tRNA derived small RNA
Tyk	tyrosine kinase
UTR	untranslated region
UV	ultraviolet
VCAM-1	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1