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Schematic representation of ERS-associated lncRNAs and circRNAs role modulating UPR pathways in CVDs. Note that these LncRNAS and circRna play an inhibitor or enhancer role over the different molecules involved in the UPR pathway. Particularly, ATF6 pathway is enhanced by CircDLGAP4 and inhibited by UCA1, H19, HyperLnc and DANCR. Perk pathways are activated by MEG3 and inhibited by NRB2, H19 and UCA1. Finally, HyperLinc, H19 and NRB2 are reported to inhibit IRE1.
