Table 11.
Anthropometric parameters, intake levels of selected nutrients and serum calcium levels and VDR polymorphisms (BsmI and FokI) according to LCT-13910 C>T genotype and serum vitamin D levels (deficiency, subclinical and optimal levels).
| Parameters | LNP | LP | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Vitamin D in Serum | |||||||
| <20 ng/mL | >20 <30 ng/mL | p-Value | <20 ng/mL | >20 <30 ng/mL | >30 ng/mL | p-Value * | |
| Weight (kg) | 68.4 ± 10.8 | 68.9 ± 16.9 | NS | 63.5 ± 13.7 | 71.2 ± 17.7 | 69.0 ± 12.6 | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.0 ± 2.46 | 22.4 ± 3.38 | NS | 21.5 ± 3.27 | 23.8 ± 5.61 | 22.9 ± 2.53 | NS |
| # Bone mass (kg) | 2.30 ± 0.40 | 2.50 ± 0.25 | NS | 2.35 ± 0.15 | 2.50 ± 0.45 | 2.80 ± 0.55 | NS |
| # Total energy (kcal/d) | 2022 ± 277 | 1638 ± 380 | NS | 1884 ± 453 | 2239 ± 466 | 1933 ± 380 | NS |
| Protein (g/d) | 85.4 ± 15.3 | 64.6 ± 16.1 | NS | 85.1 ± 22.9 | 84.9 ± 22.3 | 72.4 ± 13.5 | NS |
| Fat (g/d) | 70.0 ± 17.3 | 64.1 ± 18.0 | NS | 81.7 ± 14.9 | 79.2 ± 14.1 | 75.9 ± 14.1 | NS |
| Carbohydrate ((g/d) | 258 ± 48.4 | 241 ± 58.0 | NS | 260 ± 67.0 | 266 ± 70.3 | 245 ± 57.1 | NS |
| # Vitamin D intake (µg/d) | 2.23 ± 0.72 a | 3.07 ± 0.51 b | 0.050 | 3.92 ± 1.22 a | 4.37 ± 0.84 ab | 5.13 ± 0.89 b | 0.048 |
| # Calcium intake (mg/d) | 812 ± 133 | 830 ± 65.9 | NS | 899 ± 144 | 915 ± 175 | 1018 ± 173 | NS |
| Phosphorus intake (mg/d) | 1398 ± 369 | 1256 ± 457 | NS | 1528 ± 449 | 1619 ± 570 | 1419 ± 361 | NS |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 2.28 ± 0.29 | 2.32 ± 0.14 | NS | 2.39 ± 0.38 | 2.57 ± 0.30 | 2.58 ± 0.17 | NS |
| BsmI (N%) | |||||||
| GG | 1 (4.76) | 5 (23.8) | NS | 2 (4.76) | 6 (14.3) | 2 (4.76) | NS |
| GA | 9 (42.9) | 1 (4.76) | NS | 12 (28.6) | 11 (26.2) | 1 (2.38) | NS |
| AA | 5 (23.8) | 0 | - | 4 (9.52) | 2 (4.76) | 0 | NS |
| FokI (N%) | |||||||
| CC | 3 (14.3) | 1 (4.76) | NS | 4 (9.52) | 2 (4.76) | 2 (4.76) | NS |
| TC | 5 (23.8) | 4 (19.0) | NS | 5 (11.9) | 6 (14.3) | 5 (11.9) | NS |
| TT | 7 (33.3) | 1 (4.76) | NS | 1 (2.38) | 15 (35.7) | 2 (4.76) | NS |
# Me ± IQR and mean values ± SD. No normal distribution: Mann–Whitney U test; normal distribution: Student’s t-test. * No normal distribution: Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA; normal distribution: post hoc Tukey’s RIR test. a,b significant with p < 0.05. NS—no statistical differences.