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Main effects of the bidirectional interaction between gut microbiota/brain. Microbial metabolites reach the brain and inhibit myelin formation in the prefrontal cortex, preventing the differentiation of Sox10 or MYRF precursor oligodendrocytes. An increased production of metabolites inhibits myelin formation. Decreased myelin is associated with anxiety, depression, and reduced sociability [5,125,126]. Credits: Original figure by I.A. Charitos.
