Table 3.

Main results of studies investigating the effects of DPP4i on lipid profile.

	Type of Study	Molecule	N° of Patients	Time of Follow-Up	Main Results
Monami et al., 2012 [119]	Meta-analysis of 17 trials	Alogliptin, Dutogliptin, Linagliptin, Saxagliptin, Sitagliptin, Vildagliptin	Variable	Variable	↓ total cholesterol ↓ triglycerides
Ikegami et al., 2021 [120]	Single-arm trial	Anagliptin	14 patients	6 months	↓ LDL ↓ lathosterol
Nishida et al., 2020 [121]	Retrospective study	Sitagliptin, Vildagliptin, Teneligliptin, Alogliptin and Linagliptin	1809 patients	3 and 12 months	↓ HDL (in sitagliptin and vildagliptin users) ↓ total cholesterol and triglycerides (in sitagliptin, vildagliptin, and alogliptin users)
Kusunoki et al., 2016 [122]	Prospective study	Alogliptin 25 mg Sitagliptin 100 mg	129 patients 6 patients	6 months 12 months	↓ LDL ↓ total cholesterol ↓ triglycerides non-significant changes in LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol
Monami et al., 2012 [123]	Meta-analysis of 18 trials	Alogliptin, Dutogliptin, Linagliptin, Saxagliptin, Sitagliptin, Vildagliptin	Variable	Variable	↓ total cholesterol ↓ triglycerides vildagliptin > sitagliptin and alogliptin
Homma et al., 2017 [124]	Prospective study	Teneligliptin 20 mg	25 patients	12 months	↓ RLP cholesterol ↓ FPG
Tremblay et al., 2014 [125]	Randomized controlled trial	Sitagliptin 100 mg	22 patients	6 weeks	↓ triglycerides ↓ apoB-48 ↓ free fatty acids
Kakuda et al., 2015 [126]	Prospective study	Anagliptin 200 mg	-	12 weeks	↓ LDL ↓ non-HDL cholesterol ↓ RLP cholesterol ↓ total cholesterol ↓ triglycerides ↓ apoB-48
Dar et al., 2022 [99]	Meta-analysis of 57 trials	Variable	Variable	Variable	↑ HDL Non-significant changes in LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides

Abbreviations: apo = apolipoprotein; FPG = fasting plasma glucose; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; RLP = remnant like particle. ↑ = raised. ↓ = reduced.