Table 3.

Digital health equity and inclusion model addresses research barriers

Phase of Research Process	Traditional Approaches	Barriers	Digital Health Equity and Inclusion Model
Engagement	Phone calls Field visits	Intrapersonal and psychosocial Time-consuming Low literacy Attitude Beliefs	Establishes stronger relationships Improves comprehension Reduces time
Recruitment	Community recruiters Field visits Community events	Interpersonal Mistrust Language Cultural	CSC Robust community engagement and recruitment program
Screening/consent	In-person contact	Institutional and systemic mistrust	Informed consent form cocreated alongside CSC for ultimate transparency Screening and consent process conducted over the phone for flexibility
Surveys	Filled out in person	Interpersonal Language Cultural differences Low literacy	All materials are translated Culturally trained and competent staff Raises cultural intelligence
Study execution and dissemination	In-person laboratory visits	Intrapersonal and psychosocial barriers Time-consuming Inconvenient Burdensome	Inclusive eligibility criteria focusing on minoritized groups Flexible operational hours 7-day home recording