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. 2023 Jun 27;13:10431. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37486-2

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© The Author(s) 2023

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(a) J–V and QE curve of the intended device (b) Generation and recombination rate of photogenerated carriers in device (c) Energy band structure of purposed device, and (d) Ln (I) vs voltage with an inset representing dark J–V measurement.