Table A.2.
Correlation matrix of all variables.
| ROA | Return | Volatility | Liquidity | FTSEE | FTSES | FTSEG | FTSEESG | SPE | SPS | SPG | SPESG | Asset | Growth | Debt | BM | Stringency | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROA | 1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Return | 0.029 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
| Volatility | −0.065 | −0.077 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| Liquidity | 0.379 | 0.005 | 0.172 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| FTSEE | −0.086 | 0.019 | 0.012 | −0.099 | 1 | ||||||||||||
| FTSES | −0.036 | 0.057 | 0.014 | −0.034 | 0.765 | 1 | |||||||||||
| FTSEG | 0.007 | 0.071 | −0.018 | 0.019 | 0.405 | 0.587 | 1 | ||||||||||
| FTSEESG | −0.048 | 0.053 | 0.006 | −0.050 | 0.881 | 0.928 | 0.720 | 1 | |||||||||
| SPE | −0.058 | 0.021 | 0.011 | −0.061 | 0.736 | 0.698 | 0.391 | 0.736 | 1 | ||||||||
| SPS | −0.055 | 0.016 | −0.014 | −0.044 | 0.611 | 0.617 | 0.359 | 0.637 | 0.877 | 1 | |||||||
| SPG | −0.031 | 0.015 | −0.016 | −0.042 | 0.559 | 0.570 | 0.314 | 0.582 | 0.839 | 0.941 | 1 | ||||||
| SPESG | −0.049 | 0.018 | −0.006 | −0.051 | 0.657 | 0.649 | 0.366 | 0.673 | 0.938 | 0.976 | 0.965 | 1 | |||||
| Asset | −0.282 | −0.004 | −0.069 | −0.264 | 0.428 | 0.381 | 0.161 | 0.399 | 0.456 | 0.461 | 0.431 | 0.464 | 1 | ||||
| Growth | 0.159 | 0.025 | −0.091 | 0.045 | 0.003 | 0.041 | 0.036 | 0.023 | 0.002 | 0.016 | 0.008 | 0.010 | 0.029 | 1 | |||
| Debt | −0.395 | 0.004 | 0.038 | −0.162 | 0.040 | 0.036 | 0.062 | 0.053 | 0.028 | 0.090 | 0.067 | 0.067 | 0.437 | −0.017 | 1 | ||
| BM | −0.270 | 0.078 | 0.082 | −0.169 | 0.025 | 0.071 | 0.088 | 0.063 | −0.004 | −0.011 | −0.058 | −0.023 | 0.145 | −0.005 | 0.228 | 1 | |
| Covid | −0.076 | 0.120 | 0.214 | −0.023 | 0.063 | 0.222 | 0.299 | 0.197 | 0.068 | −0.027 | −0.080 | −0.017 | 0.000 | 0.018 | 0.031 | 0.353 | 1 |
Author’s calculation.