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. 2023 Jun 14;10:1161486. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1161486

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Regulation of prfA expression and PrfA protein activity. (A) transcriptional control of prfA (three promoters of prfA gene). PplcA positively directs prfA expression by binding to the “PrfA box”. PprfAP1 and PprfAP2 control monocistronic reactions. The PprfAP1 promoter has a 5′UTR untranslated region that acts as a temperature sensor); (B) post-transcriptional control of prfA (at 30°C, a stable spatial structure, referred to as a “hairpin” is formed in the region containing the Shine-Dalgarno sequence. It unifies the attachment of the ribosome and the synthesis of the polypeptide. At 37°C, the “hairpin” structure is destabilized, allowing attachment of the ribosome and synthesis of the PrfA protein); (C) post-translational control of PrfA (attachment of a cofactor molecule (glutathione) to the PrfA protein) (according to: Loh et al., 2009; Xayarath and Freitag, 2012; Lemon et al., 2010; Johansson and Freitag, 2019).