Table 1. Characteristics of the 6 Eligible Studies.
| Source | Country | Phase | Age, mean (SD), y | Males, No. (%) | Females, No. (%) | Duration of AA episode, mean (SD), y | Baseline SALT score, mean (SD) | Route of drug administration | JAK inhibitor | Sample size, JAK inhibitors to placebo recipients | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King et al,21 2021a | Australia, Canada, US | 2a | 36.3 (10.4) | 44 (31.0) | 98 (69.0) | 2.3 (0.7) | 88.1 (17.2) | Oral | Ritlecitinib: 200 mg, every day, 4 wk +50 mg, every day, 20 wk; brepocitinib: 60 mg, every day, 4 wk +30 mg, every day, 20 wk | 95:47 | SALT 30, SALT 50, SALT 90, severe AE, discontinuation due to AE, change from baseline of SALT score |
| Olsen et al,22 2020 | US | 2 | 43.4 (13.2) | 27 (34.6) | 51 (65.4) | 2.4 (1.1) | 59.5 (27.3) | External | Ruxolitinib: 1.5% cream, twice a day, 24 wk | 39:39 | SALT 50, SALT 90, treatment-related AE, severe AE, discontinuation due to AE |
| Mikhaylov et al,23 2023 | US | 2a | 69.7 (16.2) | 12 (38.7) | 19 (61.3) | NR | 69.7 (24.7) | External | Delgocitinib: 30 mg/g, twice a day, 12 wk | 20:11 | SALT 50, treatment-related AE, severe AE, change from baseline of SALT score |
| King et al,24 2022a | US | 2 | 36.8 (9.5) | 44 (29.5) | 105 (70.5) | 4.2 (1.3) | 87.9 (17.4) | Oral | Deuruxolitinib: 4 mg/8 mg/12 mg, twice a day, 24 wk | 105:44 | SALT 50, SALT score ≤20, treatment-related AE, severe AE, discontinuation due to AE |
| King et al,25 2021b | US, Japan | 2 | 41.0 (18.3) | 28 (25.4) | 82 (74.6) | 4.0 (0.9) | 87.2 (17.3) | Oral | Baricitinib: 1 mg, every day, 16 wk; baricitinib: 2 mg/4 mg, every day, 36 wk | 82:28 | SALT 30, SALT 50, SALT 90, SALT score ≤20, SALT score ≤10, treatment-related AE, severe AE, change from baseline of SALT score |
| King et al,26 2022a | US, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Puerto Rico | 3 | 37.4 (11.5) | 271 (41.4) | 383 (58.6) | 3.6 (1.7) | 85.6 (18.0) | Oral | Baricitinib: 2 mg/4 mg, every day, 36 wk | 465:189 | SALT 90, SALT score ≤20, SALT score ≤10, treatment-related AE, severe AE, discontinuation due to AE, change from baseline of SALT score |
| King et al,26 2022b | US, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, China, Israel, Japan, Korea, Puerto Rico | 3 | 38.0 (16.1) | 201 (36.8) | 345 (63.2) | 4.3 (2.1) | 85.1 (18.0) | Oral | Baricitinib: 2 mg/4 mg, every day, 36 wk | 390:156 | SALT 90, SALT score ≤20, SALT score ≤10, treatment-related AE, severe AE, discontinuation due to AE, change from baseline of SALT score |
Abbreviations: AA, alopecia areata; AE, adverse event; BRAVE-AA1/BRAVE-AA2 trials, A Study of Baricitinib (LY3009104) in Adults With Severe or Very Severe Alopecia Areata; JAK, Janus kinase; NR, not reported; SALT, Severity of Alopecia Tool.
a
Refers to BRAVE-AA1 trial.26
b
Refers to BRAVE-AA2 trial.26