| BBB | Blood–brain barrier |
| CNS | Central nervous system |
| COMTi | Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors |
| GBA | Gut–Brain Axis |
| HC | Healthy controls |
| IL-6 | Interleukin 6 |
| IL-8 | Interleukin 8 |
| IND | Indeterminate |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharides |
| MOOSE | Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology |
| PD | Parkinson’s disease |
| PIGD | Postural Instability and Gait dysfunction |
| PRISMA | Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses |
| SCFAs | Short-chain fatty acids |
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