Table 1.
Characteristics of 12,817 participants aged 40–79 years in the NHANES from 2007 to 2016.
| Whole Population | |
|---|---|
| Number | 12,817 |
| HEI-2015 | 55.2 ± 13.4 |
| eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2) | 86.8 ± 19.8 |
| UACR (mg/g) | 7.6 (4.9–15.1) |
| α-Klotho (pg/mL) | 855.4 ± 310.6 |
| Age (years) | 57.7 ± 10.8 |
| Sex (Female, %) | 51.5 |
| Race (%) | |
| Non-Hispanic white | 44.1 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 19.7 |
| Hispanic | 27.4 |
| Others | 8.7 |
| Body weight | |
| Normal weight | 23.7 |
| Overweight | 34.7 |
| Obesity | 41.6 |
| Self-reported hypertension (yes, %) | 46.5 |
| Self-reported diabetes (yes, %) | 18.3 |
| Self-reported cardiovascular disease (yes, %) | 10.6 |
| Smoking status (%) | |
| Current | 19.5 |
| Former | 29.4 |
| Never | 51.1 |
| Physical activity (%) | |
| Vigorous | 13.6 |
| Moderate | 21.0 |
| Low | 65.4 |
| Energy intake (kcal/day) | 3720 ± 1597 |
| Alcohol intake (%) | |
| Heavy | 16.2 |
| Moderate | 35.2 |
| Never | 48.6 |
| Education level (%) | |
| College or higher | 50.3 |
| High school | 22.2 |
| Less than high school | 27.5 |
| Annual household income (USD, %) | |
| >75,000 | 25.8 |
| 20,000–75,000 | 50.3 |
| <20,000 | 23.8 |
Data are presented as means ± standard deviations, medians (interquartile ranges) or percentages, according to the case. Abbreviations: NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; HEI, healthy eating index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; UACR, urine albumin-creatinine ratio.