TABLE 5.
Estimated Sensitivity and Specificity for the Refractive Error Values of Each Gold Standarda
| Screener | Gold Standard 1 (CI) | Gold Standard 2 (CI) | Gold Standard 3 (CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spot Vision Screener “out-of-the-box” manufacturer criteria | |||
| Sensitivity | 91.7 (87.2 to 96.2) | 82.4 (77.0 to 87.9) | 77.9 (72.3 to 83.6) |
| Specificity | 75.7 (69.5 to 81.9) | 83.8 (77.7 to 89.9) | 84.9 (78.7 to 91.2) |
| Spot Vision Screener recommendation based on jointly optimized cutoffs maximizing AUC | |||
| Sensitivity | 89.0 (83.9 to 94.1) | 88.3 (93.7 to 92.9) | 85.8 (81.0 to 90.6) |
| Specificity | 77.3 (71.3 to 83.3) | 80.3 (73.7 to 86.8) | 81.0 (74.1 to 87.8) |
CI = confidence interval; AUC = area under the curve
a
The values are based on the current Spot Vision Screener manufacturer’s”out-of-the-box” recommendations as used in this study and the jointly optimized cutoffs calculated as described in the text. Gold standard refractive criteria are as described in Table 1. Media opacity and strabismus are not included as referral criteria in these calculations.
The Spot Vision Screener is manufactured by Welch Allyn, Skaneateles Falls, NY.