Table 2.
Zone of inhibition for TDI, AgNPs–Lg–TDI, and standard antibiotics.
| Minimum Inhibition Zone (Average ± Standard Deviation (mm)) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample | EC | PA | SA | BS | CA |
| Blank | 7.0 ± 0.0 | 7.0 ± 0.0 | 7.0 ± 0.0 | 7.0 ± 0.0 | 7.0 ± 0.0 |
| TDI | 10.2 ± 0.3 | 8.1 ± 0.1 | 8.4 ± 1.0 | 7.2 ± 1.0 | - |
| AgNPs–Lg–TDI | 9.2 ± 1.0 | 8.4 ± 0.1 | 7.0 ± 1.0 | 8.1 ± 0.1 | 7.0 ± 0.1 |
| AMC | 14.3 ± 0.1 | NI | 9.2 ± 2.0 | 8.2 ± 0.4 | NI |
| NIT | 12.3 ± 2.0 | NI | NI | 8.5 ± 0.5 | NI |
| NA | 15.4 ± 0.3 | NI | NI | 9 ± 0.3 | NI |
| GEN | 13.2 ± 0.5 | 9.4 ± 0.6 | 8.2 ± 0.8 | 8.0 ± 0.2 | NI |
| NX | 28.0 ± 0.3 | 14.3 ± 0.2 | 9.1 ± 0.2 | 12.3 ± 0.4 | NI |
| OF | 27.5 ± 0.2 | 11.4 ± 0.6 | NI | 9.0 ± 1.4 | 12.1 ± 0.4 |
| CTR | 25.1 ± 2.0 | 9.2 ± 1.0 | 32.2 ± 1.5 | NI | NI |
| SX | 17.2 ± 1.4 | 14.1 ± 0.4 | 8.2 ± 0.5 | 12.8 ± 0.6 | 9.1 ± 0.4 |
KEY: AgNP: silver nanoparticle; Lg–TDI: lignin–toluene diisocyanate film; EC: Escherichia coli; PA: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; SA: Staphylococcus aureus; BS: Bacillus subtilis; CA: Candida albicans; AMC: Amoxyclav (20/10 µg); NIT: Nitrofurantoin (200 µg); NA: Nalidixic acid (30 µg); GEN: Gentamicin (10 µg); NX: Norfloxacin (10 µg); OF: Ofloxacin (10 µg); CTR: Ceftriaxone (30 µg); SX: Sulphamethoxazole (25 µg); NI: no inhibition.