. 2023 May 23;15(6):1222. doi: 10.3390/v15061222

Table 2.

Immunological and metabolic changes between baseline, week 48 and week 96. The table summarizes raw values of and changes between baseline (BL), week 48 (w48) and week 96 (w96). On the left side the table reports the medians (first quartile–third quartile) values at the three time-points for the variables of interest. On the right side the table reports three columns, one for each comparison (w96 versus BL, w48 versus BL and w96 versus w48). For each comparison the table reports three columns, one for the absolute difference between time-points (e.g., w96–BL), another for the percentual median relative difference (MRD %) between time-points (e.g., 100 × [week 96 value—BL value]/BL value), and a third for the p-values coming from the paired Wilcoxon test between time-points (paired Wilcoxon test between w96 and BL). p-values < 0.05 are highlighted in bold. eGFR: estimated glomerular filtrate rate, measured by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation as mL/min/1.73 m²; TC: Total cholesterol. A. Data from the overall BICTEL cohort. B. Data only from PLWH older than 55 years.

A.
Overall Cohort (n: 164)

w48

w96

w96 vs. BL

w48 vs. BL

w96 vs. w48

Absolute Difference

MRD %

Absolute Difference

MRD %

Absolute Difference

MRD %

CD4⁺ T cell count (cell/μL)

580 (450–750)

760 (590–1000)

790 (570–980)

136 (−1–320)

24.2 (−0.2–5.4)

<0.001

163 (67–281)

29 (11.1–53.9)

<0.001

–8 (−126–132)

−1.6 (−19–18)

0.715

CD8⁺ T cell count (cell/μL)

750 (580–1000)

850 (640–1000)

790 (550–1100)

−6 (−230–254)

−0.5 (−28.1–31.6)

0.861

56 (−58–183)

7.1 (−8.3–25.2)

<0.001

−35 (−290–209)

−5.2 (−32.8–29)

0.402

CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio

0.70 (0.60–0.90)

0.90 (0.80–1.0)

1.0 (0.72–1.4)

0.19 (−0.02–0.6)

31.4 (−2–77.4)

<0.001

0.14 (0.01–0.3)

17.3 (3.5–43.1)

<0.001

0 (−0.2–0.4)

2.2 (−17.3–4.9)

0.014

Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)

190 (170–210)

180 (160–200)

180 (160–210)

−4 (−25–16)

−2.5 (−12.9–9.6)

0.219

−12 (−24–6)

−6.1 (−13–3.6)

<0.001

3.5 (−15–24)

2.2 (−7.2–14.1)

0.104

LDL (mg/dL)

110 (87–130)

100 (83–130)

110 (88–140)

−3 (−17–19)

−3.5 (−16–16.4)

0.545

−6 (−17–12)

−6 (−18.2–1.7)

0.034

2.9 (−16.2 – 21)

3.5 (−14–24.4)

0.204

HDL (mg/dL)

50 (41–58)

52 (44–62)

53 (45–63)

0 (−7–7)

0 (−12.1–17)

0.699

3 (−5–8)

6.5 (−7.8–18.5)

0.008

0 (−9–7)

0 (−15.8–15.1)

0.571

TC/HDL ratio

3.7 (3.0–4.7)

3.4 (2.8–4.1)

3.6 (3.0–4.5)

−0.12 (−0.78–0.29)

−2.7 (−23.2–8.6)

0.069

−0.22 (−0.88–0.18)

−6.4 (−21.9–6.1)

<0.001

0.1 (−0.5–0.7)

2 (−14.5–22.2)

0.251

Body Weight (Kg)

77 (70–84)

78 (71–85)

78 (65–84)

1.3 (−2.5–4)

1.7 (−2.7–5.6)

0.246

1 (0–3)

1.6 (0–3.8)

0.006

0 (−5–4)

0 (−5.8–4.6)

0.593

BMI (Kg/m²)

25 (23–28)

26 (23–29)

25 (23–27)

0.55 (−0.43–1.67)

1.9 (−1.9–6.8)

0.174

0.28 (0–0.88)

0.9 (0–3.4)

0.024

0.3 (−1.6–1.4)

1.1 (−5.1–5.4)

0.990

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.94 (0.85–1.1)

1.0 (0.84–1.1)

1.0 (0.87–1.2)

0.05 (−0.03–0.14)

4.2 (−3.7–15.2)

<0.001

0 (−0.2–0.08)

0 (−2.2–6.8)

0.034

0 (−0.1–0.1)

1.3 (−5.5–12.9)

0.076

eGFR

85 (73–97)

80 (70–93)

78 (65–92)

−4.15 (−11.42–3.27)

−5.5 (−14.5–3.6)

0.002

−1.6 (−6.35–1)

−1.8 (−7.8–1.3)

<0.001

–1.8 (−8.1–5.7)

−2.1 (−9.5–7.6)

0.099

AST (mg/dL)

21 (17–24)

20 (17–23)

21 (18–26)

1 (−2.5–5)

5.6 (−12.9–26.1)

0.365

−1 (−4–2)

−4.3 (−18.2–14.3)

0.189

1 (−2–5)

4 (−10–27.8)

0.423

ALT (mg/dL)

21 (16–26)

20 (16–25)

20 (15–32)

0 (−6–9)

0 (−24.8–52.6)

0.093

−1 (−4–3)

−4.4 (−18.8–15.1)

0.073

0 (−5–7)

0 (19.6–36.9)

0.017

B.
PLWH Older than 55 (n: 106)

w48

w96

w96 vs. BL

w48 vs. BL

w96 vs. w48

Absolute Difference

MRD %

Absolute Difference

MRD %

Absolute Difference

MRD %

CD4⁺ T cell count (cell/μL)

580 (460–730)

760 (550–960)

770 (550–920)

155 (11–312)

25.4 (2.5–52.6)

<0.001

160 (53–264)

27.4 (9.5–5.1)

<0.001

15 (−92–119)

2.7 (−13.2–18.3)

0.694

CD8⁺ T cell count (cell/μL)

750 (580–1000)

850 (660–1000)

800 (590–1100)

0 (−248–370)

0 (−31.9–45.2)

0.523

50 (−54–141)

6.9 (−7.8–22.6)

0.009

–19 (−273–291)

−3.3 (−34.9–41.4)

0.875

CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio

0.70 (0.60–0.82)

0.90 (0.80–1.0)

0.92 (0.62–1.4)

0.13 (−0.02–0.6)

25 (−2.9–88.9)

<0.001

0.13 (0.01–0.3)

17.3 (1.1–43.1)

<0.001

0 (−0.2–0.4)

5.5 (−19.9–40)

0.068

Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)

190 (170–210)

180 (160–210)

190 (160–220)

−6 (−29–21)

−2.5 (−15.6–12.6)

0.370

−12 (−23–2)

−6.5 (−13–1.2)

<0.001

2 (−16–24)

0.7 (−7.3–14.3)

0.328

LDL (mg/dL)

110 (88–140)

100 (84–140)

110 (81–140)

−11 (−20–22)

−7.8 (−16.9–2.7)

0.517

−7 (−17–6)

−7 (−18.2–5.1)

0.021

1 (−20–22)

0.7 (−2.3–27.9)

0.718

HDL (mg/dL)

47 (41–57)

50 (43–60)

52 (44–63)

1 (−7–7)

2 (−13.2–19.7)

0.722

3 (−4–8)

6.1 (−7.5–19.4)

0.028

–1 (−10–8)

−1.6 (−19.3–17)

0.385

TC/HDL ratio

3.9 (3.4–4.7)

3.6 (2.9–4.3)

3.6 (3.1–4.6)

−0.13 (−0.82–0.43)

−3 (−26.7–11.7)

0.173

−0.31 (−0.97–0.16)

−8.1 (−22.7–4.7)

<0.001

0.2 (−0.5–0.7)

5.3 (−15.5–22.8)

0.235

Body Weight (Kg)

78 (71–88)

80 (71–89)

79 (65–85)

−0.5 (−3–4)

−0.6 (−4.1–5.1)

1.000

1.5 (0–3)

2 (0–3.8)

0.026

−2 (−5–4)

−2.2 (−7.8–5.1)

0.236

BMI (Kg/m²)

26 (24–29)

27 (25–29)

25 (24–28)

0 (−1.01–1.55)

0 (−3.8–6.1)

0.936

0.4 (0–0.9)

1.6 (0–3.7)

0.125

−0.3 (−1.8–1.4)

−1.1 (−6.4–5.3)

0.554

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.90 (0.82–1.0)

0.98 (0.81–1.1)

1.0 (0.88–1.2)

0.05 (−0.03–0.15)

4.1 (−2.9–16.7)

0.001

0 (−0.03–0.07)

0 (−3–6.3)

0.317

0 (0–1)

1.3 (−3.7–16)

0.061

eGFR

83 (71–94)

78 (69–92)

72 (63–88)

−4.85 (−16.73–3.83)

−6.2 (−17.4–4.1)

0.016

−0.7 (−6.1–1.3)

−0.7 (−7.1–1.9)

0.036

−2.2 (−12–4.7)

−3.1 (−15.4–6.7)

0.114

AST (mg/dL)

21 (18–24)

20 (17–23)

21 (19–26)

1 (−3–5)

7.7 (−13.6–26)

0.239

−1 (−4–2)

−4.7 (−18.4–15.2)

0.160

0 (−2–4)

0 (−11.9–2.2)

0.345

ALT (mg/dL)

21 (17–26)

21 (16–25)

19 (15–31)

−1 (−5–7)

−4.8 (−24.4–3.2)

0.716

1 (−4–2)

−5.9 (−18.8–12.5)

0.251

–1 (−5–6)

−5.3 (−24.4–30)

0.970