Table 4.

List of different alkaloids with their examples.

Alkaloid Class	General Information	Example	Reference
Tropane alkaloids	Contains 8-azabicyclo. Present in Solanaceae, Erthroxylaceae, and Convolvulaceae families. They are toxic in nature and are pharmaceutically potent.	Hyoscine, hyoxcyamine, and atropine.	[50]
Benzyl-isoquinoline alkaloid	Pharmacologically active and shows potential against pathogenic infection. Present in Ranunculaceae, Papaveraceae, Menispermaceae, Fumariaceae, and Magnoliaceae families.	Tubocurarine, morphine, berberine, sanguinarine, colchicines, etc.	[21]
Purine alkaloids	Theobromine is obtained by Camellia ptlophylla and coffee from Ilex paraguariensis, coffea arabica.	Theobromine, caffeine	[51]
Simple alkaloids	A simple alkaloid found in Nicotiana species which is native to America. Tobacco is eaten, smoked, and chewed. It is also used to kill parasites.	Quinolinic acid, nicotine	[52]
Quinolizidine alkaloids	Toxic in nature. Seeds are a good source of protein. Present in the Leguminosae family.		[53]
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids	Extremely toxic in nature. Fabaceae, Orchidaceae, Asteraceae, and Boraginaceae.	Putrescine, spermidine	[54]