Table 6.

Phenolic compound response to biotic stress.

Phenolic Compound	Plant Name	Type of Stress	Response of Phenolic Acids to Stress	Reference
Flavonoid	Cajanus platycarpus	Herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera	Increase in flavonoid content	[65]
Scopoletin	Hevea brasiliensis	Fungal infection by Microcyclus ulei	Increase in scopoletin level	[69]
Coumarin, scopoletin	Plantanus occidentalis	Fungal infection by Ceratocystis fimbriata and Ceratocystis platani	Increase in coumarin scopoletin level	[69]
Lignin	Pinus nigra	Blight disease by Sphaeropsis sapinea	Lignification increases	[74]
Lignin	Triticum spps.	Stem rust by Puccinia graminis	Increase in lignin level	[74]
Caffeic acid	Zea mays	Leaf blight by Glomerella Graminicola or Cochliobolus heterostrophus	Increase in two phenolic caffeic acid esters	[88]
Chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid	Vigna radiata	Infection by Meloidogyne javanica (root-knot nematode)	Increase in chlorogenic acid and trans cinnamic acid	[89]
Chlorogenic acid, catechin	Nicotiana attenuata	Infection by Trichobaris mucorea	Increase in chlorogenic acid and catechin	[90]
Cinnamic acid, naringin, and rutin	Beta vulgaris	Infection by Canavalia ensiformis	Increase in cinnamic acid, naringin and rutin	[91]
Pterostillbene and resveratrol, piceide	Vitis vinifera	Downy mildew by Botrytis cinerea	Increase in pterostillbene and resveratrol, piceide	[92]
Aucuparin,2′-Hydroxyaucuparin 2′-Methoxyaucuparin	Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Elliott	Due to fungal inoculation or natural infection	Aucuparin,2′-Hydroxyaucuparin 2′-Methoxyaucuparin (biphenyl induction)	[87]
Aucuparin 2′-Hydroxyaucuparin 2′-Methoxyaucuparin 4′-Methoxyaucuparin Isoaucuparin	Sorbus aucuparia L.	Due to fungal inoculation or natural infection	Aucuparin 2′-Hydroxyaucuparin 2′-Methoxyaucuparin 4′-Methoxyaucuparin Isoaucuparin (biphenyl induction)	[87]
Xanthone	Hypericum perforatum (HP) suspension cultures	Elicitation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens cultivation	Xanthone biosynthesis in HP cells	[93]
Xanthone	Hairy roots of Gentiana dinarica	Under biotic stress (chitosan and yeast extract)	Accumulation of xanthone	[94]