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. 2023 Jun 6;28(12):4585. doi: 10.3390/molecules28124585

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Taste-enhancing effects of isovaleraldehyde (IVAH) on basic taste solution. (A) The taste-enhancing effects of IVAH on salty and umami taste solution mixed with NaCl (0.5%) and MSG (0.1%) were assessed by the two-alternative forced-choice test (2-AFC). Sixteen panelists without the nose clip were presented with a taste solution alone or that plus 2 ppb IVAH in three random numbers and were asked to select the solution with the most intense salty and umami tastes. Data are shown as the percentage of panelists (out of 16) that selected a given solution as that with the most intense taste. We found that 87.5% of panelists selected the solution with IVAH as that with the most intense taste (p < 0.05). (B) The taste-enhancing effects of IVAH on salty and umami taste solutions with nose clips. Panelists with nose clips were presented with the same taste solution alone or that plus IVAH and were asked to select the solution with the most intense salty and umami tastes. Data are shown as the percentage of panelists (out of 16) that selected a given solution as that with the most intense taste. We found that 81.3% of panelists selected the solution with IVAH as that with the most intense taste (p < 0.05). The significance of differences is indicated above the bar (* p <0.05) and was evaluated by a binomial analysis.