Table 4.
Cox Proportional Hazard Model for Time to TNF-Inhibitor Escalation from DMARD, Including Children with 12 Month Visit or Longer
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HRa (95% CI) | Adjusted HR with Site of Careb (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Public Insurance (ref private) | 1.32 (1.05–1.64)* | 1.45 (1.08–1.96)* | 1.45 (1.07–1.96)* |
| Male | 1.13 (0.90–1.41) | 1.11 (0.87–1.43) | 1.13 (0.87–1.46) |
| Age (per 1 year increase) | 1.04 (1.02–1.06)** | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 1.01 (0.98–1.03) |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||
| White | 0.87 (0.69–1.11) | 1.04 (0.68–1.64) | 1.13 (0.69–1.84) |
| Black | 1.16 (0.81–1.64) | 1.08 (0.66–1.76) | 1.14 (0.68–1.93) |
| Hispanic | 1.20 (0.89–1.65) | 1.03 (0.64–1.66) | 1.13 (0.68–1.88) |
| Asian | 0.57 (0.33–0.97)* | 0.56 (0.30–1.05) | 0.63 (0.32–1.21) |
| Native American, American Indian or Alaskan Native | 1.41 (0.58–3.40) | 0.99 (0.39–2.56) | 1.02 (0.39–2.68) |
| Middle Eastern/North African | 1.49 (0.56–4.00) | 1.18 (0.39–3.53) | 1.19 (0.37–3.89) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 3.43 (0.85–13.89) | 3.96 (0.91–17.19) | 3.65 (0.69–19.30) |
| Other | 1.32 (0.80–2.18) | 1.57 (0.52–4.71) | 1.55 (0.49–4.86) |
| Prefer not to state | 1.94 (0.96–3.90) | 1.56 (0.65–3.74) | 2.19 (0.85–5.65) |
| Self-Reported Household Income (ref >150K) | |||
| <25K | 1.30 (0.84–2.02) | 1.01 (0.56–1.84) | 0.94 (0.52–1.67) |
| 25–49K | 0.98 (0.67–1.43) | 0.81 (0.50–1.29) | 0.76 (0.47–1.22) |
| 50–74K | 0.94 (0.63–1.39) | 1.00 (0.63–1.57) | 0.96 (0.61–1.51) |
| 75–99K | 0.84 (0.56–1.25) | 0.79 (0.51–1.25) | 0.76 (0.48–1.20) |
| 100–150K | 0.85 (0.59–1.21) | 0.98 (0.66–1.44) | 0.93 (0.62–1.37) |
| Prefer not to state | 1.0 (0.68–1.46) | 0.93 (0.60–1.43) | 0.92 (0.60–1.42) |
| Self-Reported Parental Education (ref Grad School) | |||
| High School Graduate or Less | 1.03 (0.75–1.42) | 0.94 (0.65–1.36) | 1.01 (0.69–1.47) |
| College | 0.98 (0.76–1.25) | 0.94 (0.71–1.24) | 0.99 (0.74–1.31) |
| Prefer not to state | 1.17 (0.83–1.63) | 1.05 (0.73–1.50) | 1.45 (0.96–2.18) |
| Arthritis Subtype (ref oligoarthritis) | |||
| Enthesitis-related Arthritis | 2.98 (2.08–4.27)** | 2.58 (1.74–3.83)** | 2.56 (1.68–3.90)** |
| Polyarthritis (RF-) | 1.64 (1.24–2.17)** | 1.07 (0.78–1.48) | 1.06 (0.76–1.48) |
| Polyarthritis (RF+) | 2.79 (2.00–3.88)** | 1.55 (1.03–2.32)* | 1.59 (1.04–2.43)* |
| Psoriatic Arthritis | 1.34 (0.83–2.17) | 1.17 (0.71–1.91) | 1.15 (0.69–1.92) |
| Undifferentiated Arthritis | 1.55 (0.87–2.75) | 1.15 (0.63–2.09) | 1.20 (0.64–2.23) |
| Active Joint Count at Enrollment (per 1 joint increase) | 1.04 (1.03–1.05)** | 1.02 (1.01–1.04)** | 1.03 (1.02–1.04)** |
| Physician VAS (per 1 point increase) | 1.16 (1.11–1.22)** | 1.10 (1.03–1.17)* | 1.14 (1.06–1.21)** |
| Parent/Patient VAS (per 1 point increase) | 1.09 (1.05–1.14)** | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) |
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.001
a.
Includes all listed covariates
b.
Includes all listed covariates and site of care as random effect