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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 28.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Rep. 2023 May 10;42(5):112494. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112494

Figure 2. Absence of Th2 signaling enhances antimicrobial defense against S. aureus.

Figure 2.

(A–C) Expression of Camp (A), Defb14 (B), and Defb4 (C) in the skin of WT or Il4ra−/− mice after treatment with MC903 and S. aureus (SA) application. Each dot represents the average of duplicate technical replicates from an individual animal. Data represent mean ± SEM of 5 independent mice. p value (**p < 0.01) was calculated by two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test.n.

(D) Immunofluorescence for CRAMP (a gene product of Camp) in the skin of WT or Il4ra−/− mice after treatment with MC903 and S. aureus application. Scale bar: 100 μm. Image is representative of similar results from indicated 5 biological replicates.

(E) Survival of S. aureus on the skin of WT or Il4ra−/− mice pretreated with MC903 or vehicle for 48 h (WT: n = 5; Il4ra−/−: n = 10). Each dot represents the average of duplicate technical replicates from an individual animal. Data represent mean ± SEM of 5 (WT) or 10 (Il4ra−/−) independent mice. p value (*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01) was calculated by two-tailed unpaired parametric t test.

(F–L) Triamcinolone effects on the expression of Il17a (F), Il4 (G), Il13 (H), and AMP genes (I–K) and survival of S. aureus for 48 h in WT mice pretreated with MC903 or vehicle (L). Each dot represents the average of duplicate technical replicates from an individual animal. Data represent mean ± SEM of 5–6 biological replicates from independent mice as individually shown. p value (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001) was calculated by two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test (F–K) or two-tailed unpaired parametric t test (L).

(M) Illustration of the host antimicrobial peptide response to S. aureus colonization in presence or absence of Th2 inflammation and in WT or Il4ra−/− skin.