Table 2.
Inflammation-related factors in studied groups.
| Parameters | SLE Group (A, n = 86) |
LN Group (B, n = 73) |
Control Group (C, n = 60) |
p1 | p2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRP (mg/dL) | 20.4 ± 11.3 | 24.6 ± 9.8 | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 0.009 | A vs. B = 0.084 A vs. C = 0.003 B vs. C = 0.000 |
| NOS2 (U/L) | 43.7 ± 13.8 | 75.9 ± 25.3 | 12.6 ± 1.5 | 0.002 | A vs. B = 0.001 A vs. C = 0.006 B vs. C = 0.000 |
| HIF-1a (ng/mL) | 108.9 ± 26.4 | 168.2 ± 56.3 | 56.8 ± 16.1 | 0.017 | A vs. B: = 0.024 A vs. C = 0.024 B vs. C = 0.001 |
| HIF-2a (ng/mL) | 4.82 ± 1.7 | 7.0 ± 2.8 | 1.41 ± 0.70 | 0.008 | A vs. B = 0.014 A vs. C = 0.001 B vs. C = 0.000 |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 377.3 ± 88.3 | 541.5 ± 103.5 | 118.6 ± 20.6 | 0.009 | A vs. B = 0.011 A vs. C = 0.014 B vs. C = 0.001 |
| MMP-2 (ng/mL) | 904.7 ± 142.6 | 1272.7 ± 406.4 | 453.3 ± 84.4 | 0.001 | A vs. B = 0.019 A vs. C = 0.026 B vs. C = 0.002 |
| MMP-9(ng/mL) | 492.3 ± 101.4 | 808.2 ± 275.8 | 168.2 ± 26.9 | 0.029 | A vs. B = 0.012 A vs. C = 0.002 B vs. C = 0.003 |
| TSP-1(ng/mL) | 716.2 ± 201.4 | 351.7 ± 105.3 | 1109.0 ± 102.9 | 0.027 | A vs. B = 0.003 A vs. C = 0.033 B vs. C = 0.0001 |
| sVEGFR-1 (ng/mL) | 10.7 ± 4.3 | 6.3 ± 2.8 | 14.9 ± 2.2 | 0.026 | A vs. B = 0.0046 A vs. C = 0.012 B vs. C = 0.002 |
LN-lupus nephritis; CRP-C-reactive protein; NOS2-inducible nitric oxide synthase; HIF-hypoxia inducible factor; VEGF-vascular endothelial growth factor; MMP-matrix metalloproteinase; TSP-thrombospondin; sVEGFR-soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; p-significance level, p1-triple comparison of the groups, p-pairwise comparison of the groups