Table 4.
Summary of inflammation-related parameter levels in LN patients according to albuminuria.
| Parameters | Albuminuria (mg/L) |
<30 (A1) | 30–300(A2) | >300 (A3) | p Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subject number | 19 | 40 | 14 | ||
| CRP (mg/L) | 14.2 ± 7.1 | 23.9 ± 15.1 | 34.5 ± 17.1 | A1 vs. A2 = 0.027 A1 vs. A3 = 0.001 A2 vs. A3 = 0.018 |
|
| NOS2 (U/L) | 31.2 ± 14.2 | 69.0 ± 42.0 | 104.8 ± 48.1 | A1 vs. A2 = 0.011 A1 vs. A3 = 0.0001 A2 vs. A3 = 0.007 |
|
| HIF-1a (ng/mL) | 68.3 ± 10.1 | 147.4 ± 41.3 | 254.9 ± 51.2 | A1 vs. A2 = 0.022 A1 vs. A3 = 0.0001 A2 vs. A3 = 0.032 |
|
| HIF-2a (ng/mL) | 3.1 ± 1.5 | 6.2 ± 3.3 | 11.0 ± 4.5 | A1 vs. A2 = 0.012 A1 vs. A3 = 0.014 A2 vs. A3 = 0.047 |
|
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 221.2 ± 99.4 | 456.8 ± 193.4 | 897.1 ± 303.6 | A1 vs. A2 = 0.019 A1 vs. A3 = 0.001 A2 vs. A3 = 0.002 |
|
| MMP-2 (ng/mL) | 614.5 ± 241.9 | 1112.3 ± 498.6 | 621.3 ± 611.6 | A1 vs. A2 = 0.002 A1 vs. A3 = 0.0001 A2 vs. A3 = 0.001 |
|
| TSP-1(ng/mL) | 872.6 ± 166.3 | 367.6. ± 118.6 | 284.3 ± 119.1 | A1 vs. A2 = 0.002 A1 vs. A3 = 0.0001 A2 vs. A3 = 0.57 |
|
| sVEGFR-1 (ng/mL) | 12.2 ± 3.2 | 6.6 ± 2.2 | 5.0 ± 1.6 | A1 vs. A2 = 0.035 A1 vs. A3 = 0.001 A2 vs. A3 = 0.043 |
A2, A2, A3-albuminuria, LN-lupus nephritis; CRP-C-reactive protein; NOS2-inducible nitric oxide synthase; HIF-hypoxia inducible factor; VEGF-vascular endothelial growth factor; MMP-matrix metalloproteinase; TSP-thrombospondin; sVEGFR-soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; p-significance level.