Table 4.

The pathophysiological mechanisms in trials from coronary ischemia to atrial fibrillation.

Trial	Pathophysiological Mechanism
Pokorney et al., 2022 [56].	Stenosis of sinoatrial node artery
Shu, 2017 [58].	Alteration of desmosomes and gap junctions (connexin 40 and 43) and increased IL6 and MMP 2 activity in atrial cardiomyocytes
Bahouth et al., 2010 [60].	Acceleration of collagen synthesis in atrial cardiomyocytes and the genesis of reentry circuits
Kornej et al., 2015 [68]; Hiraya et al., 2019 [69].	Diastolic dysfunction
Oktay et al., 2014 [70].	Overexpression of mitochondrial caspases in atrial cardiomyocytes