Table 2.
Differences in body composition measurements of parents and children, based on children’s ND status (with or without an ND), at pre-intervention.
| Children’s body composition measurements, based on ND status | ||||
| ND Status | Without ND (n = 33) | ND (n = 18) |
t-test or χ2 (1) |
p |
| Measures, Mean (SD) or n (%) | ||||
| Age in years | 10.0 (1.55) | 10.2 (1.25) | −0.492 | 0.624 |
| Weight (kg) | 34.8 (9.26) | 41.9 (15.81) | −1.711 | 0.139 |
| Height (cm) | 141.2 (12.13) | 146.2 (9.63) | −1.610 | 0.053 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 17.2 (2.39) | 19.2 (4.77) | −1.684 | 0.049 |
| BMI-SDS | −0.1 (1.05) | 0.9 (1.27) | −2.773 | 0.005 |
| Overweight/obese | 2 (6.1) | 8 (44.4) | 8.587 | 0.003 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 7.8 (3.34) | 10.8 (8.06) | −1.508 | 0.067 |
| FAT% | 21.2 (4.39) | 26.6 (6.71) | −3.074 | 0.001 |
| Overfat/obese | 3 (9.1) | 10 (55.5) | 10.906 | 0.001 |
| FFM (kg) | 27.0 (6.44) | 30.9 (8.37) | −1.742 | 0.066 |
| Bone mass (kg) * | 1.4 (0.32) | 1.7 (0.39) | −2.156 | 0.026 |
| Parents’ body composition measurements, based on children’s ND status | ||||
| ND Status | Without ND (n = 33) | ND (n = 18) |
t-test or χ2 (1) |
p |
| Measures, Mean (SD) or n (%) | ||||
| Age in years | 43.6 (4.97) | 39.6 (3.75) | 3.278 | 0.004 |
| Weight (kg) | 72.6 (13.60) | 84.0 (20.21) | −2.137 | 0.021 |
| Height (cm) | 169.1 (7.83) | 170.1 (8.21) | −0.435 | 0.661 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.5 (3.31) | 29.9 (6.38) | −2.893 | 0.001 |
| Overweight/obese | 15 (45.5) | 14 (77.8) | 3.774 | 0.045 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 21.0 (7.28) | 29.4 (11.01) | −2.916 | 0.002 |
| FAT% | 28.7 (7.01) | 34.3 (7.07) | −2.700 | 0.009 |
| Overfat/obese | 12 (36.4) | 12 (66.7) | 3.163 | 0.046 |
| FFM (kg) | 51.6 (10.62) | 55.1 (11.55) | −1.065 | 0.280 |
| Bone mass (kg) | 2.6 (0.50) | 2.8 (0.54) | −1.100 | 0.266 |
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; BMI-SDS, BMI standard deviation score; FAT%, fat percentage; FFM, fat-free mass. All p-values from t-test, χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test. Unadjusted alphas are reported. * Boys had significantly higher bone mass than girls.