. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 28.

Published in final edited form as: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Oct 28;30(12):2459–2467. doi: 10.1002/oby.23571

TABLE 3.

Estimated mean daily intakes of selected food-group components from snacks, by weight group, for US adolescents aged 12 to 19 years reporting snacking and participating in NHANES 2007 through 2018 (N = 5264)

	Snack intake			Total intake
	NW	OW	OB	NW	OW	OB
Fruits (cups/d)	0.34^a	0.34^a	0.39^a	0.89^a	0.88^a	0.97^a
Vegetables (cups/d)	0.12^a	0.13^a	0.16^a	0.89^b	0.95^ab	1.04^a
Legumes (cups/d)	0.01^a	0.02^a	0.03^a	0.07^a	0.08^a	0.10^a
Whole grains (oz-eq/d)	0.16^a	0.18^a	0.20^a	0.75^b	0.78^ab	0.91^a
Refined grains (oz-eq/d)	1.03^b	1.31^a	1.49^a	6.16^b	6.75^a	7.02^a
Dairy (cups/d)	0.34^b	0.45^a	0.50^a	1.86^b	2.17^a	2.24^a
Protein foods (oz-eq/d)	0.42^b	0.56^a	0.60^a	4.85^b	5.29^ab	5.52^a
Oils (g/d)	4.74^b	6.23^a	6.97^a	21.51^c	23.91^b	27.50^a
Solid fats (g/d)	7.67^c	9.84^b	11.21^a	34.37^b	39.83^a	41.74^a
Added sugars (teaspoons/d)	6.79^b	8.62^a	9.71^a	17.77^b	21.27^a	22.90^a

Note: ANCOVA models were adjusted for survey cycle year, child gender, child race and ethnicity, child age, energy intake to estimated energy requirements, head of household education, and mean meal size; means followed by a common letter are not significantly different by the Bonferroni test at the 5% level of significance; BMI-for-age percentiles: NW (<85th percentile); OW (85th-95th percentile); OB (≥95th percentile) [26]; snacking = eating occasions self-identified as snacks or other eating between meals (beverages and extended consumption) consumed at the same time and >5 kcal.

Abbreviations: NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; NW, normal weight; OB, obesity; OW, overweight; oz-eq, ounce equivalent.

Source: Data were derived from demographic, body measures, What We Eat in America, Day 1 and Day 2 dietary intake and Food Pattern Equivalent Database (FPED) files, NHANES 2007 through 2018, weighted.