Table 2.

Levels, absolute and relative changes in 4 CVD risk factors at the national level in India based on the National Family Health Survey 4 (2015–16) and 5 (2019–21).

Outcome	NFHS-4	NFHS-5	Absolute change (percentage points)	Relative change (%)
Smoking	12.6 [12.3; 12.9]	9.4 [9.1; 9.7]	−3.2 [−3.7; −2.8]	−25.7 [−28.7; −22.5]
Overweight	20.0 [19.7; 20.3]	23.4 [23.1; 23.6]	3.4 [3; 3.8]	17.0 [14.7; 19.3]
Diabetes	2.8 [2.7; 2.9]	3.0 [2.9; 3.1]	0.2 [0.1; 0.3]	7.4 [2.1; 13]
Hypertension	17.8 [17.5; 18.1]	16.7 [16.5; 16.8]	−1.1 [−1.5; −0.8]	−6.4 [−8.2; −4.6]