Table 1.
Annualized costs per 100,000 screened, vision centers, eye camps, door-to-door, school screening.
| Category | Vision Centers | Eye Camps | Door-to-Door | School Screening | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Planning and preparation ($ per 100,000 screened) | 25,049 | 119,154 | 14,212 | 3,800 | Planning for screening activities, including engaging with community or schools, promotion, identifying and renovating buildings for vision centers. |
| Clinical equipment ($ per 100,000 screened) | 56,947 | 18,585 | 4,227 | 12,599 | Clinical equipment, tools and consumables used during screening. |
| Human resources ($ per 100,000 screened) | 143,190 | 100,594 | 32,906 | 55,010 | Salaries of staff required in screening. |
| Other operating expenses ($ per 100,000 screened) | 77,299 | 147,408 | 45,586 | 14,853 | Rent, utilities and equipment maintenance for vision centers. Staff travel, incidentals, refreshments, patient travel for other strategies. For eye camps and door-to-door much of the cost is for patient travel for cataract follow up and surgery. |
| Vision Center follow up for refractive error | 0 | 0 | 202,816 | 0 | For door-to-door screening only |
| Total case finding and treatment initiation costs ($ per 100,000 screened) | 302,485 (95% CI:225,355-400,289) | 385,742 (95% CI: 170,111-699,504) | 299,748 (95% CI: 243,637-511,093) | 86,262 (95% CI: 45,555-146,067) | |
| Number of people screened | 1,373,925 | 307,718 | 286,652 | 332,237 | |
| Number of spectacles provided per 100,000 screened | 17,574 | 17,329 | 9,563 | 2,459 | |
| Number of cataract surgeries performed per 100,000 screened | 5,409 | 17,752 | 4,543 | na | |
| Cost per person screened ($) | 3·0 (95% CI: 2·3-4·0) | 3·9 (95% CI: 1·7-7·0) | 3·0 (95% CI: 2·4-5·1) | 0·9 (95% CI: 0·5-1·5) | |
| Case finding and treatment initiation cost: URE ($) | 10·8 (95% CI: 8·0-14·4) | 8·0 (95% CI: 3·4-14·4) | 25·8 (95% CI: 24·1-30·7) | 29·3 (95% CI: 15·5-49·6) | |
| Case finding and treatment initiation cost: cataract ($) | 11·9 (95% CI: 8·8-15·9) | 13·7 (95% CI: 5·6-27·0) | 11·3 (95% CI: 2·2 to 56·2) | na |
Notes. Costs are reported as annualized values in 2020 USD using a 3% discount rate. All data were provided by six Indian eye health providers for the Indian financial year 2019-20, except for door-to-door screening where data is from most recent year available. URE = uncorrected refractive error. Case finding and treatment initiation cost is defined as all costs required to identify and incentivize those with eye ailments to take corrective action, spectacles for URE and surgery for cataracts (see Supplementary materials S4 for detailed formula and step-by-step calculations).