Table 3.
Comparison of rare cancer lists of Europe and select SAARC countries.
| Cancer sites | Europe | India | Nepal | Bhutan | Sri Lanka | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head and neck cancers | ET larynx | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ |
| ET hypopharynx | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| ET nasal cavity and sinuses | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| ET nasopharynx | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| ET major salivary glands and salivary gland type tumors | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| ET oropharynx | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| ET oral cavity and lipa | R | C | R∗ | R∗ | C | |
| ET eye and adnexa | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| ET middle ear | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Gastrointestinal tumors | ET stomach | C | R | R | C | R |
| ET esophagus | C | R | R∗ | R | R | |
| ET small intestine | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| ET pancreas | C | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| ET colon | C | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | C | |
| ET rectum | C | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R | |
| Liver | C | R∗ | R∗ | R | C | |
| ET gall bladder and extrahepatic biliary tract | R | R∗ | R | R∗ | R∗ | |
| ET anal canal | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Thoracic tumors | Lung | C | C | C | R | C |
| ET trachea | R | R∗ | ||||
| Thymomas and thymic carcinomas | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Malignant mesothelioma | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Breast | Breast | C | C | C | R | C |
| Female genital cancers | Ovary | C | R | R | R | C |
| Non ET ovary | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| ET vulva and vagina | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Trophoblastic tumors of placenta | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Uterus | C | R | R∗ | R∗ | C | |
| Male genital and urogenital cancers | Testis and paratestis | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ |
| ET penis | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Extragonadal germ cell tumors | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| ET renal pelvis, ureter and urethra | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Kidney | C | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R | |
| Bladder | C | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R | |
| Prostate | C | R | R∗ | R∗ | C | |
| Skin cancers and non cutaneous melanomas | Skin | C | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ |
| Cutaneous melanoma | C | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Mucosal and uveal melanoma | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Kaposi sarcoma | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Adnexal skin carcinomas | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Sarcomas | Soft tissue sarcoma | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ |
| Bone sarcoma | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Gastrointestinal stromal tumors | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | NET gastrointestinal pancreatic | R | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| NET lung | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| NET other sites | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Endocrine cancers | Thyroid cancers | R | R∗ | R∗ | R | C |
| Parathyroid cancer | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Adrenal cortex cancer | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Pituitary gland cancer | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Central nervous system | Glial tumors and others | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R |
| Malignant meningioma | R | |||||
| Embryonal tumors of CNS | R | |||||
| Pediatric | Pediatric tumor subsets | R | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Hematological | Lymphoid malignancies | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R |
| MDS | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| MPN | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Acute myeloid leukemia and other related neoplasms | R | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | R∗ | |
| Myeloid or lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and abnormalities of growth factors | R | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms | R | NA | NA | NA | NA |
C common, CR Crude rate, ET Epithelial tumors, HL Hodgkin lymphoma, MDS/MPD Myelodysplastic syndromes/Myeloproliferative disorders, NHL Non Hodgkin lymphoma, R rare.
NA separate data not available.
R (
) indicates rare cancers (CR ≤ 6/100,000), R∗ (
) group includes entities with CR ≤ 3. C (
) indicates the common cancers.
a
For the comparison with the European rare cancer list, the entities C00-C06 (sites of lip, mouth, tongue) were combined to form a single entity of ‘oral cavity and lip’ from the individual site data. CR C00-C06: for India 9, Nepal 2.3, Bhutan 2.4, Sri Lanka 9.