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. 2023 Jun 14;11:1178199. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1178199

TABLE 3.

Mean physiological modulus of the different parts for the different age groups.

Circumferential tension Axial tension
Group N Segment E E (MPa) E C (MPa) ε u σ u (MPa) E E (MPa) E C (MPa) ε u σ u (MPa)
27–35 years 13 Proximal segment 0.218 ± 0.086 31.948 ± 15.903 0.534 ± 0.153 1.892 ± 0.551 0.271 ± 0.094 10.892 ± 2.618 0.352 ± 0.075 1.276 ± 0.477
Distal segment 0.179 ± 0.056 23.050 ± 8.188 0.569 ± 0.134 1.711 ± 0.544 0.215 ± 0.064 10.327 ± 2.719 0.385 ± 0.078 1.343 ± 0.517
36–45 years 9 Proximal segment 0.175 ± 0.053 37.920 ± 25.642 0.498 ± 0.054 1.727 ± 0.374 0.493 ± 0.922 11.612 ± 7.855 0.394 ± 0.172 1.076 ± 0.186
Distal segment 0.157 ± 0.081 32.587 ± 18.065 0.582 ± 0.091 1.621 ± 0.395 0.267 ± 0.138 10.181 ± 4.883 0.440 ± 0.111 1.371 ± 0.436
46–55 years 7 Proximal segment 0.225 ± 0.084 23.963 ± 10.432 0.367 ± 0.050 1.430 ± 0.606 0.404 ± 0.157 7.512 ± 2.997 0.243 ± 0.056 0.803 ± 0.210
Distal segment 0.296 ± 0.220 26.416 ± 18.441 0.311 ± 0.113 1.221 ± 0.537 0.458 ± 0.197 7.432 ± 2.939 0.239 ± 0.068 0.882 ± 0.332
56–65 years 11 Proximal segment 0.242 ± 0.209 17.363 ± 6.953 0.334 ± 0.104 1.358 ± 0.699 0.355 ± 0.173 5.551 ± 2.158 0.227 ± 0.067 0.682 ± 0.266
Distal segment 0.275 ± 0.097 18.180 ± 6.969 0.287 ± 0.051 1.061 ± 0.230 0.440 ± 0.361 5.999 ± 2.371 0.216 ± 0.063 0.675 ± 0.198
66–75 years 5 Proximal segment 0.473 ± 0.192 15.733 ± 2.707 0.234 ± 0.043 1.358 ± 0.524 0.898 ± 0.889 6.045 ± 4.592 0.181 ± 0.068 0.607 ± 0.329
Distal segment 1.050 ± 0.587 17.753 ± 3.195 0.171 ± 0.039 1.184 ± 0.360 0.653 ± 0.501 4.690 ± 3.039 0.233 ± 0.107 0.572 ± 0.131
76–86 years 5 Proximal segment 0.509 ± 0.218 14.553 ± 14.758 0.174 ± 0.054 0.739 ± 0.240 0.567 ± 0.322 7.408 ± 3.120 0.149 ± 0.040 0.507 ± 0.174
Distal segment 0.742 ± 0.402 14.440 ± 5.749 0.162 ± 0.062 0.912 ± 0.303 0.555 ± 0.315 4.299 ± 1.454 0.138 ± 0.043 0.348 ± 0.106
All 50 Proximal segment 0.271 ± 0.178 25.335 ± 16.952 0.394 ± 0.157 1.511 ± 0.621 0.440 ± 0.506 8.540 ± 4.737 0.279 ± 0.124 0.899 ± 0.415
Distal segment 0.356 ± 0.365 22.776 ± 12.601 0.393 ± 0.193 1.350 ± 0.504 0.386 ± 0.293 7.777 ± 3.815 0.297 ± 0.129 0.960 ± 0.513

Note: Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation.