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. 2023 Jun 14;14:1197224. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1197224

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Copyright © 2023 Yang, Wang, Yuan, Shen, Cai, Wang, Hu, Song, Wang and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The violin plots of urine metabolites with significant differences between elite and sub-elite level swimmers. (A) Comparison of 2-KC between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers. (B) Comparison of 3-HIV between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers. (C) Comparison of cis-aconitate between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers. (D) Comparison of creatinine between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers. (E) Comparison of hippurate between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers. (F) Comparison of formate between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers. (G) Comparison of 3-HIB between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers. (H) Comparison of Lac between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers. (I) Comparison of pseudouridine between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers. (J) Comparison of trigonelline between Elite and Sub-elite swimmers.