Table 1. Comparison of sperm parameters and serum testosterone between PSD, RS, and control groups.
| Group | Sperm parameter | Sex hormone | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sperm concentration (106/mL) | Motile sperm concentration (106/mL) | Sperm total motility (%) | Progressive motility (%) | Nonprogressive motility (%) | Morphologically normal sperm (106/mL) | Serum testosterone (ng/mL) | |
| PSD | 143.70±30.67 | 33.13±10.15** | 24.33±10.93*** | 14.33±8.69*** | 10.00±2.28 | 9.68±2.77** | 1.53±0.55*** |
| RS | 136.35±27.82 | 46.98±10.50** | 39.00±6.87*** | 26.33±6.12*** | 12.67±1.37 | 12.85±3.67** | 3.70±0.53*** |
| CTRL | 148.71±34.08 | 73.03±28.06** | 48.20±8.55*** | 37.20±9.20*** | 11.00±1.76 | 26.21±14.60** | 4.44±0.56*** |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
PSD: paradoxical sleep deprivation, RS: recovery sleep, CTRL: control.
ANOVA between groups. Significant differences between three groups, **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.